Daily opener

1. Daily opener • Get out a sheet of paper and label it Daily Openers. • Put today’s date and write out the question below. Give your best guess if you do not know the answer. • List the reasons the Great Depression started in 1929.

2. Daily Opener 1. Do you think our government should focus resources and money on the issue of global warming? 2. Does the office of the Presidency age people? How so? 3.List the following Presidents- 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. • www.clevelandhistory.weebly.com

3. Daily opener • What are ten terms that come to mind when you hear the term “Roaring Twenties”?

4. Daily opener • Why do you think the Great Depression started in 1929?

5. Quiz • Write 1-2 paragraphs on the causes and contributions of the Great Depression.

6. When you are finished with your test, • Place your test and answer sheet in two stacks in front of Chris. • Then open a textbook and read pages 366-372 answer questions 1, 4, 5, 6 on page 372. Turn in to the same stack as your test answer sheet when finished.

7. To Do: • Sign up on the board for the order you would like to present in today. • Pick up your reflections and handouts from our last class. • Pick up a Great Depression article. • Pick up your Plicker code. • Have a seat and find a pencil or pen. • The first group – Start setting up your presentation!

8. The Great Depression Why?

10. During the 1920s, the US felt an economic boost from WWI. • Businesses did well • Wealth increased for many • Economy thrived • So, what went wrong?

11. Factors that caused the Great Depression : • The economic cycle driven by overextension of credit • over production in agriculture and industry • laissez- faire politics • Buying on margin • Excess consumerism • Rising unemployment • The crash of the stock market • High tariffs

12. Daily Opener • List three factors (from your notes) that helped create the Great Depression. • Get out an iPad. • Log in to Kahoot 9931651

13. The economic cycle driven by overextension of credit

14. Overproduction • Meant that businesses were producing goods faster than US consumers could buy them. • Especially evident in agriculture

15. Laissez-faire economics • Government supported • Hands off approach to regulating economy • Trusted natural demands of the market would keep economy strong

16. Buying on Margin - Financial Speculation • Many people bought stocks on speculation (making risky investments in hopes for a big return)

17. Expansion of credit and consumerism • Made it easier for people to borrow money to buy goods • People’s debts increased as they borrowed more than they saved

18. Agricultural crop failures • Dust Bowl • For 1,000s of families in the Midwest, the Depression was made even worse by an environmental crisis known as the Dust Bowl. • Land was damaged by poor farming techniques. • In the early 30s, massive drought dried up the land. • The Dust Bowl was a series of storms that hit the Midwest causing enormous clouds of dust created by the high winds. • Destroyed areas and left them uninhabitable • 100,000s of people were displaced

19. Bank Failures • Following the stock market crash of 1929, the US economy unraveled. • People rushed to withdraw money from banks. • By 1933, the money from nine million savings accounts had vanished. • 31,000 businesses failed. • People stopped investing in the stock market.

20. Unemployment and Poverty • At one point, ¼ people of working age did not have a job. (25% then - what is it today?) • In 1928, only 1.5 million people in the US were unemployed. • By 1932, over 12 million people became jobless. • Homeless • Relied on soup kitchens and breadlines • Homemade shacks – Hoovervilles

21. Stock Market Crash • On October 29th, 1929, a date known as Black Tuesday – The Stock Market crashed! • Prices dropped drastically. • Many who bought risky stocks lost everything. • The Great Depression lasted for more than a decade and remains the greatest economic crisis in US history.

22. Tariff Barriers • Smoot–Hawley Tariff Act • Raised US tariffs to a historically high level • Discouraged trade among countries • Tariff - a schedule of duties imposed by a government on imported or in some countries exported goods

23. Worldwide Depression • The Great Depression affected nations around the world. • By the 1930s, manufacturing, international banking, and trade had made nations interdependent. • Economic trouble in one country means economic trouble in others. • Which country was probably the worst off after WWI and why?

24. When was the Great Depression? • Daily opener

25. The following factors: • the economic cycle driven by overextension of credit • overproduction in agriculture and manufacturing • laissez faire politics • buying on margin • excess consumerism • rising unemployment • the crash of the stock market · • high tariffs Set the stage for the pending economic disaster- The Great Depression

26. Determine the possible factors that led to the economic collapse of 1929 • over production of agriculture and industry • expansion of credit • financial speculation • agricultural crop failures • tariff barriers • laissez- faire Standard 7.7

27. 8.4 Identify the changes in social and cultural life caused by the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl • (i.e., Hoovervilles, Bonus Army, migrations, worldwide economic depression, Democrat victory in 1932, widespread poverty, unemployment, religious revivalism).

28. The Stock Market Crash &The Great Depression

29. Great Depression Clip • http://app.discoveryeducation.com/player/view/assetGuid/28DF7397-D53F-406F-A49F-219125726FE0

30. Daily opener • Who was the scapegoat for the Great Depression?

31. In one to two paragraphs, explain the causes and contributions of the Great Depression.

32. Bank Failures • Following the stock market crash of 1929, the US economy unraveled. • People rushed to withdraw money from banks. • By 1933, the money from nine million savings accounts had vanished. • 31,000 businesses failed. • People stopped investing in the stock market.

33. Unemployment and Poverty • At one point, ¼ people of working age did not have a job. (25% then - what is it today?) • In 1928, only 1.5 million people in the US were unemployed. • By 1932, over 12 million people became jobless. • Homeless • Relied on soup kitchens and breadlines • Homemade shacks – Hoovervilles

34. Worldwide Depression • The Great Depression affected nations around the world. • By the 1930s, manufacturing, international banking, and trade had made nations interdependent. • Economic trouble in one country means economic trouble in others. • Which country was probably the worst off after WWI and why?

35. Impact on Americans • Unemployment and fear of losing a job caused despair and great anxiety • Farmers and their families suffered b/c of low food prices • Men – depressed b/c couldn’t support families • Women – worried about how to feed children (gender roles?) • Minorities suffered – often first to be let go • Factory workers – often laid off and had wages decreased

36. Negative Patterns of an Economic Cycle

37. Who was President when the Great Depression struck? • Herbert Hoover

38. Turn in your textbook to page 372- Read the section: What Caused the Great Depression and look at the diagram at the left. • From your prior knowledge from class discussion and your reading answer the following question – Do you think the nation would have experienced an economic depression even if the stock market had not crashed? Why or why not? (At least one paragraph = 5 sentences or more)

39. Herbert Hoover • Became scapegoat for the Great Depression • Tried to get some public works up and going but did not succeed in slowing the Depression down • Believed that charities and local organizations should help people • Hoover clip: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WohOmdv8cec

40. “Rugged Individualism” speech • http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/disp_textbook.cfm?smtID=3&psid=1334 • Rugged individualism - phrase used often by Hoover during his time as president. • refers to the idea that each individual should be able to help themselves out, and that the government does not need to involve itself in people's economic lives nor in national economics in general.

41. Migrations • Thousands of people moved in order to find work, food, or shelter • Many farmers and families moved to California to escape the Dust Bowl • African Americans continued to leave the South due to discrimination and lack of jobs • People moved to cities like New York and Boston, hoping to find work. • Others were forced to move because their business failed or they went bankrupt.

43. Many waited in unemployment lines hoping for a job.

44. People in cities would wait in line for bread to bring to their family.

45. Some families were forced to relocate because they had no money.

46. “Hooverville” • Some families were forced to live in shanty towns • A grouping of shacks and tents in vacant lots • They were referred to as “Hooverville” because of President Hoover’s lack of help during the depression.

47. Hooverville

48. A drought in the South lead to dust storms that destroyed crops. “The Dust Bowl”

50. Two Families During the Depression