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Cardiovascular System

Cardiovascular System. Ms. Bowman. Cardiovascular System. Composed of the heart, veins, arteries, and blood. Heart. About the size of a fist; weighs less than one pound Enclosed within the mediastinum (medial cavity of the thorax) Layers

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Cardiovascular System

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  1. Cardiovascular System Ms. Bowman

  2. Cardiovascular System • Composed of the heart, veins, arteries, and blood

  3. Heart • About the size of a fist; weighs less than one pound • Enclosed within the mediastinum (medial cavity of the thorax) • Layers • Pericardium-double-walled sac that encloses the heart • Epicardium-covering on the outside of the heart • Myocardium-cardiac mucsle • Endocardium-sheet of endothelium located deep inside the heart

  4. Heart • Chambers • 2 Atria-located superior • Receiving chambers for blood returning to the heart • Relatively small, thin walled chambers • 2 Ventricles-located inferior • Discharging chambers for blood leaving the heart • When ventricles pump, blood is propelled out of the heart • Makes up the bulk of the heart

  5. Heart • Blood flows in one direction in the heart atria ventricles arteries • Valves • 4 valves that keep blood flowing in one direction • 2 Atrioventricular Valves (AV) • Located at each junction of the atria and ventricles • Prevents backflow into atria from ventricles • 2 Semilunar Valves (SL) • Aortic and pulmonary SL valves • Prevents backflow from the aorta and pulmonary artery into ventricles

  6. Heart • Important structures • Superior vena cava • Inferior vena cava • Atria • Ventricles • Aorta • AV Valves • SL Valves

  7. Blood Pathway Through the Heart

  8. Blood Pathway Through the Body

  9. Blood Vessels • Form a closed delivery system that begins and ends at the heart • Arteries-carry blood away from the heart • Veins-carry blood towards the heart • Capillaries-very small vessels that directly serve the tissues of the body; where nutrient/oxygen exchange occurs between blood and cells

  10. Blood Vessels

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