LCLS Injector/BC1 Commissioning

1. Injector/BC1 Commissioning(Jan. 2006 through Aug. 2007)P. Emma, et al.LCLS DOE ReviewOct. 25, 2006 LCLS http://www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/lcls/internals/commissioning/index.html

2. Commission in Jan. 2008 Commission in Jan. 2007 LCLS Accelerator Schematic 250 MeV z  0.19 mm   1.6 % 4.30 GeV z  0.022 mm   0.71 % 13.6 GeV z  0.022 mm   0.01 % 6 MeV z  0.83 mm   0.05 % 135 MeV z  0.83 mm   0.10 % Linac-X L =0.6 m rf= -160 Linac-0 L =6 m rf gun L0-a,b Linac-3 L 550 m rf  0° Linac-1 L 9 m rf  -25° Linac-2 L 330 m rf  -41° 25-1a 30-8c 21-3b 24-6d ...existing linac 21-1 b,c,d undulator L =130 m X BC1 L 6 m R56 -39 mm BC2 L 22 m R56 -25 mm DL1 L 12 m R56 0 DL2 L =275 m R56  0 SLAC linac tunnel research yard

3. Complete & Detailed Optics (cathode to dump) dump cathode L3 L2 BC2 LTU undulator sec-21 sec-30 Full MAD files at: http://www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/lcls/linac/optics/

4. LCLS Installation and Commissioning Time-Line Drive-Laser Commissioning LTU/und. Install LTU/und. hall “ready” Drive-Laser Installed Controls Checkout First Spont. Light A S O N D J F M A M J J A S O N D J F M A M J J 2006 2007 2008 Gun/Inj./BC1 Install (8/21 – 2/20) Gun/Inj./BC1 Commissioning linac/BC2 Commissioning linac/BC2 Install LTU/und. Commissioning Oct. 18, 2006

5. LCLS Injector Commissioning Dates (2006 - 2007) Dec 18: PPS Certified Dec 20-Jan 1:Holidays Jan 2: VVS’s switched on for PEP-II (RF power available) Jan 15: L0a, L0b, L1 RF processing begins Feb. 1: X-band RF processing begins Feb 20: GTL beamline installation complete Mar 6: Virtual cathode fully characterized (ready to install gun) Mar 7: RG gun installation begins – laser rate to 30 Hz Mar 16:First laser UV-light on cathode! Mar 17: Electrons in GTL and gun-spectrometer Apr 9: Beam through L0a, L0b and down to 135-MeV spectrometer Apr 24: Beam into main linac (to TD11 dump) ~July: Take beam down full linac (to BSY SL2 stopper) http://www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/lcls/internals/commissioning/documents/commissioning-dates-2006-2007.ppt

6. Commissioning Definition and Strategy All components installed, aligned, connected, and initially verified by system engineer, before commissioning starts. • Commissioning Sequence – Layered Approach (0-3) • 0. Pre-Beam Checkout (tunnel, gallery, control room) • Controls/software testing, camerachecks, beamline inspection, etc • Magnet polarities, cable connections, verify motion-control, etc • Beam-based Hardware and Software Checkout • Establish beam transport, RF setup, MPS/BCS tests, etc • Checkout of all BPMs, magnets, wires, screens, toroids, etc • First-Order Optics: Measurement and Correction • Steering, transmission, oscillation data, feedback setup, etc • Beta and dispersion matching, beam-base align key quads, etc • Full Beam Characterization: Measurement and Correction • Measure emittance, energy spread, distributions - correct • Measure beam sensitivities, optimize tuning, beam experiments No (serious) emittance measurements until all hardware/software checked out!

7. (detailed schedule available) pass-1 pass-2 pass-3 pass-1 pass-3 pass-2

8. http://www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/lcls/internals/commissioning/documents/2007-commissioning-plan.dochttp://www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/lcls/internals/commissioning/documents/2007-commissioning-plan.doc

9. LCLS Injector Commissioning Day 24-Hour Cycle (7 days/week, 1/2/07 to 8/31/07, 35 total weeks) DAY SHIFT (8:00-16:00) 1 lead physicist, 1 physicist, 1 controls eng., 1 sys. engineer, 1 LCLS operator, 1 laser operator SWING SHIFT (16:00-24:00) 1 lead physicist, 1 physicist, 1 LCLS operator, 1 laser operator OWL SHIFT (0:00-8:00) 1 LCLS operator, 1 laser operator ?

10. Personnel Available for LCLS Injector/BC1 Commissioning • Shift Leaders(initially) • (1 per D/S shift) • Dave Dowell • Paul Emma • Jim Turner • Bill White (laser) • Joe Frisch • Cecile Limborg • Controls eng. • (1 per DAY shift) • Stephanie Allison • Mike Zelazney • Debbie Rogind • Diane Fairley • Stephen Norem • Arturo Alarcon • Doug Murray • Sergei Chevtsov • Dayle Kotturi • Patrick Krejcik • Kristi Luchini • Sheng Peng • Stephen Schuh • Till Straumann • Sys. Engineers • (1 per DAY shift) • Eric Bong • Carl Rago • Leif Eriksson • Richard F. Boyce • Jose Chan • Tim Montagne • Paul Bellomo • Antonio de Lira • Dave MacNair • Ron Akre • LCLS Physicists • (1 per D/S shift) • Sasha Gilevich • Henrik Loos • Heinz-Dieter Nuhn • John Schmerge • Dave Schultz • Jim Welch • Juhao Wu • Accelerator, ILC, SSRL • Franz-Josef Decker • Rick Iverson • Doug McCormick • Jeff Corbett • James Safranek... Operations (1 per DAY & SWING shift and 2 per OWL) Laser Operators (4-5) Visitors ?

11. Manpower Requirements (1/2/07 - 8/31/07) • 35 weeks total (1/2/07 to 8/31/07, minus 2 weeks) • 80% coverage (downtime) • 14 lead-physicist shifts/week • 14 physicist shifts/week • 7 controls eng. shifts/week • 7 sys. engineer shifts/week • Average of 2-3 shifts/week for each physicist • Average of 1/2 shift/week for each controls eng. • Average of 1 shift/week for each sys. engineer

12. LCLS Commissioning Parameters

13. Issues • Controls will be mixed (SLC, Epics, Matlab) and capabilities may be limited initially (H. Shoaee) • Most High-Level Applications (emittance, bunch length, feedback) done through MATLAB as temporary solution • Many LCLS physicists not experienced with existing SLC controls • Help from operations group is essential

14. RF Photo-Cathode Gun • Q 1 nC • f 120 Hz • G 120 MV/m • gex,y 1 mm • Dt 10 ps • I 100 A • E 6 MeV e- spec. dipole e- UV laser solenoid YAG screens RF gun cathode

15. YAG screen RF Gun • trajectory (BPMs) • emittance (+ slice) • energy spread (+ slice) • bunch length (+ dist.) • charge (+ dark current) YAG screen YAG screen YAG screen YAG screen gun spectrometer Transverse RF deflector OTR & wire Injector Diagnostics OTR & wire OTR & wire OTR & wire main SLAC Linac injector spectrometer YAG YAG & OTR

16. Injector Through BC1 RF Gun & Solenoid L0a&L0b S-Band Linacs Transverse RF Cavity Bunch-Compressor-1 (BPM, OTR, collimator) OTR & Wire Scanners Gun Spectrometer L1 S-Band Linac Wire Scanners + OTR 135 MeV 250 MeV TD-11 stopper X-Band RF Straight Ahead Spectrometer Bunch Length Diagnostics 40 m

17. Accelerator Sections Straightened Coordinate Measurement Machine (CMM) after before (De/e 30%) Four RF sections measured on CMM and straightened (L0a, L0b, L1a, L1b) Jose Chan

18. Magnet Polarities Defined and Documented DIPOLES QUADRUPOLES SOLENOIDS

19. BPMs, Wire-Scanners, etc. Polarities Defined BPMs: Wire-Scanners: q = 0 q = +45º q = -45º q = +45º

20. All Magnets Measured (all steering coil ‘types’) • 2 Solenoids • 19 Inj. Quads • 2 GTL Quads • 2 BC1 Quads • 3 Linac Quads • 2 DL1 Dipoles • 4 BC1 Dipoles • 2 Spect. Bends • 6 corr. types Dipole field vs. x Current vs. integrated field Solenoid eff. length FINT = 0.454 Dipole fringe field vs. z + field harmonics

21. BC1 Chicane tweaker quad 2 0-30 cm translation stage tweaker quad 1 OTR X-band RF collimator BPM

22. BC1 Dipole Fields are Marginal tracking through fields measured with stretched wire De/e0 1 to 6 % Pole nose pieces in fabrication + tweaker quadrupoles available

23. Dispersion Correction in SPPS Chicane One linear comb. of 2 tweaker quads

24. Pre-Beam Tunnel Check List etc.

25. Summary • Injector e- commissioning starts Mar. ’07 • Main ’07 goal is to verify full functionality of gun, injector beam-line, diagnostics, and controls, not generate full beam brightness immediately • Will need frequent linac access initially (8-16 hrs/week?) + 1 install-day per month (24-48 hrs?) • Phase-II of commissioning comes in Dec. ’07 • Information available at commissioning web-site: http://www-ssrl.slac.stanford.edu/lcls/internals/commissioning/index.html