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Jeffersonian Philosophy

Jeffersonian Philosophy. Supported strict interpretation of Constitution=weak central gov’t Supported small gov’t and less taxes Agricultural (farming) society Sided with the French Presidency with no trappings. Louisiana Purchase. France secretly acquired territory in 1800

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Jeffersonian Philosophy

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  1. Jeffersonian Philosophy • Supported strict interpretation of Constitution=weak central gov’t • Supported small gov’t and less taxes • Agricultural (farming) society • Sided with the French • Presidency with no trappings

  2. Louisiana Purchase • France secretly acquired territory in 1800 • Napoleon willing to sell for war $ • Mission sent to buy N.O. • Bought the whole territory for $15 million • Purchasing land not mentioned in Constitution…

  3. The Louisiana Purchase

  4. Lewis and Clark lead the Corps of Discovery

  5. Vice President Aaron Burr • “Northern Confederacy” • Split from Democratic Republicanparty • Rivalry leads to a duel between Burr and Hamilton • Hamilton killed, Burr in exile • Burr plotted to form his own empire in the Louisiana territory

  6. John Marshall’s Court (1801-1835) • Sought to increase Court’s and federal (national) gov’t power • Federalist ideas • Marbury v. Madison • Judicial review • McCullough v. Maryland • Implied powers

  7. Foreign Relations - Neutral Rights, Impressment, Embargo • Jefferson cut the size of the military by more than half • French and British both threaten US ships on high seas • British impress American citizens (Chesapeake-Leonard Affair) • Jefferson decides to abandon all trade with the Embargo Act

  8. The Embargo Act 1807 • No foreign trade at all • Economic slump begins • Embargo-runners emerge • Liability for Rep. party

  9. James and Dolley Madison

  10. James Madison • Jefferson’s Secretary of State • Most intelligent of Founding Fathers • “Father of the Constitution” • Won 1808 and 1812 elections

  11. The War of 1812: Causes US desired Spanish Florida (Spain and England allied) • British impressment • Secure a foreign market for US crops • “War Hawks”

  12. War Hawks Definition: Members of Congress from the South and West who desperately wanted war with Great Britain and with Native Americans, in order to protect the interests of America. The leader of the War Hawks was Henry Clay, who was Speaker of the House in the months leading up to the War of 1812. Another leading War Hawk was John C. Calhoun

  13. Vision of the War Hawks

  14. Fighting Begins • Britain distracted by Napoleon until 1813 • Invasion of Canada fails • Harrison defeats Tecumseh • Jackson ravages Indians in Florida

  15. The Burning of Washington

  16. Hartford Convention • Opposition grows as war enters 1815 • Federalists in New England meet • Considered secession, listed grievances • Right of nullification stated • After New Orleans, convention looks absurd and the Federalists disappear

  17. Criticism of Hartford Convention • This picture attacks the Hartford Convention, a series of secret meetings of New England Federalists held in December 1814

  18. Treaty of Ghent 1814 • Signed before the Battle of New Orleans • Did NOT address impressment (the alleged cause of the war) • No real changes from 1812 • Simply stopped the fighting • Led to other treaties • Rush-Bagot disarmed the Great Lakes • Economic agreements

  19. Battle of New Orleans

  20. Battle of New Orleans • Made a hero of Andrew Jackson • Over 2,000 casualties for British, about 20 for US • Biggest highlight of the war

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