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Progressivism Review

Progressivism Review. Reform. Change for the better. “Gilded Age”. On the outside everything looked great, but underneath things were rotten. Tammany Hall. “Political Machine” in New York City. Rockefeller. Dominated the oil industry Practiced horizontal integration. Carnegie.

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Progressivism Review

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  1. Progressivism Review

  2. Reform • Change for the better

  3. “Gilded Age” • On the outside everything looked great, but underneath things were rotten

  4. Tammany Hall • “Political Machine” in New York City

  5. Rockefeller • Dominated the oil industry • Practiced horizontal integration

  6. Carnegie • Pioneered vertical integration • Extremely wealthy by age 40 • Donated $350 million by the time he died

  7. Social Darwinism • Suggested that wealthy people had superior wisdom and were the “fittest” members of society

  8. Gustavus Swift • Invented the refrigerated rail car

  9. Upton Sinclair • Wrote The Jungle based on close observations of how meat packers lived

  10. Trusts • Lower retail prices • Availability of items that were once luxuries • Development and use of new machinery

  11. Vertical Integration • Controlling all aspects of an industry • Used by Carnegie

  12. Progressives • Ida Tarbell- anti- Rockefeller and Standard oil company • Uptn Sinclair- author • Ida B. Wells- anti-lynching • Lester Ward- thought science should be used to improve the human condition

  13. Political Reforms • Initiative • Recall • Referendum

  14. Politicians • Could stay in power by doing favors for people

  15. Immigrants • Settled in U.S. cities for JOBS

  16. Positives of Cities • Jobs • Electricity • Indoor plumbing

  17. Education • Laws were passed requiring children to attend school • Illiteracy rates declined

  18. Immigrant Challenges • U.S. cities with- • Gambling • Robbery • Political Corruption

  19. Problems of Cities • Waste disposal problems • Slum Housing • Crime

  20. Monopolies • Attempted to control the market by eliminating competition

  21. Progressive Reformers • Wanted to give voters more direct say in lawmaking

  22. Robber Barons • Negative nickname given to men like Rockefeller and Carnegie

  23. Captains of Industry • Positive nickname given to men like Rockefeller and Carnegie

  24. New Immigrants • Wave that came over around 1900 • Mainly from Italy, Greece, Russia, and other areas of Southern and Eastern Europe

  25. New Immigrants • More likely to be • Illiterate • Poor • Catholic or non-Protestant

  26. Theodore Roosevelt • Became famous as a Rough Rider on San Juan Hill • Western Rancher • Asthmatic • Became President when McKinley was assassinated

  27. Roosevelt’s Accomplishments • Meat Inspection Act of 1906 • Increased number of national parks • Arbitrated the United Mine Workers Strike

  28. Woodrow Wilson • Due to the Republican split, won the election of 1912 in an electoral landslide

  29. Wilson • Allowed press conferences • Supported the Underwood Tariff reduction bill • Program was known as “New Freedom”

  30. 1912 Election • Woodrow Wilson- Democrat • William Howard Taft- Republican • Teddy Roosevelt- Progressive

  31. W.E.B. Du Bois • Felt blacks should receive equality immediately

  32. Federal Trade Commission • Established to stop unfair business practices among companies • Supported by Wilson

  33. Underwood Tariff • Established to reduce the tariff • High tariffs had been protecting American business

  34. Jane Addams • Wealthy woman that moved to Chicago and built Hull House to help the poor

  35. Alcohol • Viewed as a cause of violence against women

  36. 17th Amendment • Direct election of senators

  37. Carry Nation • Strongly against alcohol • Would scold and intimidate saloon patrons with a hatchet

  38. Walter Rauschenbusch • Religious leader during the Progressive era • Thought Christians should better their communities by helping others

  39. Robert La Follette • Wisconsin Governor responsible for a great deal of reform legislation

  40. Accommodation • Idea that economic success for blacks was more important than racial equality

  41. Mary Ritter Beard • Wrote about the contributions of women in history

  42. Muckrakers • Writers whose articles attacked problems in the U.S.

  43. 19th amendment • Gave women the right to vote

  44. Suffrage • The right to vote

  45. Seneca Falls • Site of Women’s Rights conference in 1848

  46. Leon Czolgosz • Assassinated President McKinley

  47. Immigrant • Person entering a country to live there

  48. Margaret Sanger • Spoke to women about preventing pregnancy

  49. Eugene V. Debs • Socialists candidate in 1912 presidential election

  50. Urbanization • Growth of cities

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