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Understanding Animal-like Protists: Movement and Disease Causing Protists

Animal-like protists are single-celled heterotrophs that move in various ways. Learn about their structures, movement mechanisms, and how some protists cause infectious diseases like malaria, sleeping sickness, and giardiasis. Explore the genetic relationship between malaria and sickle cell anemia.

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Understanding Animal-like Protists: Movement and Disease Causing Protists

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  1. KEY CONCEPTAnimal-like protists are single-celled heterotrophs that can move. Also called protozoa

  2. macronucleus contractile vacuole food vacuole oral groove micronucleus cilia Animal-like protists move in various ways. • Animal-like protists are often called protozoa.

  3. Macronucleus – the “brain”; controls cell activities • Micronucleus – has the chromosomes; controls reproduction • Contractile vacuole – expels extra water; works like a “sump pump” • Oral groove – “mouth”

  4. Protozoa with flagella are zooflagellates. • flagella help zooflagellates swim • May have 1 or more flagella • more than 2000 zooflagellates

  5. Some protists move with pseudopods. • change shape as they move • Use pseudopodia for moving and feeding • amoebas

  6. Some protists move with pseudopods. • change shape as they move • amoebas • foraminifera

  7. Some protozoa move with cilia. macronucleus contractile vacuole food vacuole oral groove micronucleus cilia • also called ciliates • cilia help protists swim and capture food • more than 8000 ciliates • Ex: Paramecium

  8. Protists cause some well-known infectious diseases. human liver sporozoites liver cells developed parasites red blood cells Some animal-like protists cause disease. • Malaria is caused by Plasmodium and spread by mosquitoes. (Anopheles) • Sleeping sickness is caused by Trypanosoma and spread by Tsetse flies. • Giardiasis is caused by Giardia and spread through water. Malaria Infection http://www.animalplanet.com/tv-shows/monsters-inside-me/videos/malaria-parasite/

  9. Genetic relationship to malaria and Sickle Cell Anemia • AA – normal red blood cells, no malaria resistance, may die • Aa – some Sickle cell symptoms, resistance to malaria, so live • aa – have Sickle Cell Anemia, may die, have resistance to malaria ( but so what? Die anyway)

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