CstM 301 - Management & Organization

1. CstM 301 - Management & Organization motivation theory & practice

2. need… • need [need] • - noun • a requirement • necessity arising from the circumstances of a situation or case • an unfulfilled physiological or psychological desire

3. need theories… hierarchy of needs theory erg theory two-factor theory acquired needs theory what is the common ground?

4. motivation… • mo·ti·va·tion[moh-tuh-vey-shuhn] • - noun • to give incentive to • provide with a reason to act in a certain way • forces within an individual that account for the level, direction and persistence of effort expended

5. equity theory… • eq·ui·ty[ek-wi-tee] • - noun • the quality of being fair or impartial • some that is fair and just

6. equity theory… responses include change work inputs…outputs change rewards received change comparison points change the situation

7. reinforcement theory… • the law of effect • behavior followed by pleasant consequences is likely to be repeated • behavior followed by unpleasant consequences is not likely

8. reinforcement theory…

9. job design… • arranging work tasks for individuals and groups with the goal of enhancing employee motivation and other outcomes. • traditional approaches include: • simplification • rotation • enlargement

10. job enrichment model… skill variety task identity task significance autonomy feedback

11. job enrichment model… core job characteristics critical psychological states job outcomes skill variety experienced meaningfulness of the work • high internal work motivation • high growth satisfaction • high general job satisfaction • high work effectiveness task identity task significance experienced responsibility for outcomes of the work autonomy knowledge of actual results of the work feedback employee growth-need strength knowledge & skills context satisfactions

12. modern take on job design… flexible working hours compressed workweek job sharing telecommuting contingency work part-time work

13. benefits of job design… greater satisfaction & morale greater commitment greater short-term performance greater employee retention improved attendance improved punctuality