1 / 57

The Global Information Technology Report 2005-2006

The Global Information Technology Report 2005-2006. Latin American Performance in an International Perspective. Augusto Lopez-Claros Chief Economist and Director Global Competitiveness Network World Economic Forum Chile April 2006. Outline. The Global Competitiveness Network

yered
Download Presentation

The Global Information Technology Report 2005-2006

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Global Information Technology Report 2005-2006 Latin American Performance in an International Perspective • Augusto Lopez-ClarosChief Economist and DirectorGlobal Competitiveness Network World Economic Forum • Chile • April 2006

  2. Outline • The Global Competitiveness Network • The Global Information Technology Report • The Networked Readiness Index and 2005-2006 results • A closer look at the performance of Latin America

  3. Part I.The Global Competitiveness Network • Flagship products: • Global Competitiveness Report, published annually • Regional and sector-specific reports, focused on Africa, Latin America, the Arab World, the EU… • The Global Information and Technology Report • Launched in 1979 covering 16 countries • Launched in September 2005, the 26th edition of the Report covers 117 countries

  4. I. The Global Competitiveness NetworkGeographic coverage

  5. I. The Global Competitiveness NetworkWhat are we trying to achieve? • Evolution of Real GDP per capita, 1960-2000 (1960 = 100)

  6. I. The Global Competitiveness NetworkWhat are we trying to achieve? • We would like to cast some light on the factors that help explain these differences and their relative importance. • Why is it that Argentina's and Korea’s GDP per capita have diverged to such an extent in the last 4 decades? • What variables are crucial to enhancing the capacity of an economy to achieve sustained growth over the medium term, controlling for the current level of development ? • The Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) attempts to identify several key factors which play a crucial role in safeguarding the health of a nation’s economy and its ability to grow on a sustained basis.

  7. Part II.The Global Information Technology Report • Besides the Global Competitiveness Report, the World Economic Forum produces regional and sector-specific reports, among which the Global Information Technology Report (GITR) series 2003-2004 2004-2005 2005-2006

  8. II. The Global Information Technology Report • Launched in 2001, at first, in collaboration with the Information Technologies Group of the Center for International Development at Harvard University and, from 2002, with INSEAD • Taking into account the crucial importance of information and communication technologies (ICT) for countries’ development and growth, the GITR is a powerful tool for business leaders and policy makers in understanding the enabling factors of ICT advancement • The Networked Readiness Index (NRI) measures the propensity for countries to exploit the opportunities offered by ICT and establishes a broad international framework mapping out the enabling factors of such capacity

  9. II. The Global Information Technology Report • Both “hard data” (publicly available information) and survey data (from the World Economic Forum’s Executive Opinion Survey) are used in calculating indices • Use most recent available:

  10. II. The Global Information Technology ReportWhy is the GITR important? • Need to move beyond anecdotes • Comprehensive scope • Longitudinal study • Identify trends, best practices • ICT is critical for development and competitiveness • Guidance for policy decisions

  11. Part III.The Networked Readiness IndexNetworked Readiness Framework Environment Individual Individual Business Government Business Government Usage Readiness

  12. Environment Readiness Usage III. The Networked Readiness IndexNetworked Readiness Framework Networked Readiness Index (NRI) Individual Environment Individual Readiness Individual Usage Political/Regulatory Environment Business Readiness Business Usage Infrastructure Environment Government Readiness Government Usage

  13. III. The Networked Readiness Index Examples of variables used in the calculation Environment (20) • Ease to start a new business • Administrative burden • Availability of scientists and engineers • Sophistication of financial markets • Effectiveness of Judiciary • Telephone mainlines • Secure Internet servers • Internet hosts • University/industry collaboration Readiness (16) • Quality of math and science education • Internet access in schools • Residential telephone connection charges • Quality of business schools • Business telephone connection charges • Government procurement of ICT Usage (15) • Cellular mobile subscribers • Telephone subscribers • Broadband/DSL Internet subscribers • Government online services • Firm-level technology absorption • Internet users

  14. III. Unveiling the 2005-2006 resultsTop 20 performers(ranks out of 115 countries)

  15. III. Unveiling the 2005-2006 resultsTop 10 evolution(ranks out of 115 countries)

  16. III. Unveiling the 2005-2006 resultsSelected variables(ranks out of 115 countries)

  17. III. Unveiling the 2005-2006 results Asia and the Pacific(ranks out of 115 countries)

  18. III. Unveiling the 2005-2006 results Europe(ranks out of 115 countries)

  19. III. Unveiling the 2005-2006 results Sub-Saharan Africa(ranks out of 115 countries)

  20. III. Unveiling the 2005-2006 resultsLatin America(ranks out of 115 countries)

  21. III. Unveiling the 2005-2006 results Middle-East and Northern Africa(ranks out of 115 countries)

  22. III. Unveiling the 2005-2006 resultsCase studies • This year, the GITR contains a number of country-specific studies: • Chile: How did Chile take the lead in Latin America? • Israel: Identifying factors critical for success in development of ICT • Taiwan: Assessing the impact of ICT on economic and social development • Mexico and Korea: A comparative analysis of competitiveness-enhancing ICT strategies

  23. III. Unveiling the 2005-2006 resultsChile (1) • Despite its small size, Chile has achieved outstanding success in the ICT area, ranking 29th in WEF Technology Index (27th in WEF Global Competitiveness Index) • Chile’s public sector stands out through its exceptional performance in fostering ICT development: • Government ranks 16th worldwide for ICT Readiness and 16th for ICT Usage in WEF Technology Index • Chile now acknowledged as amongst most modern tax administrations in world

  24. III. Unveiling the 2005-2006 resultsChile (2): its path to success in ICT development • Chile pursued a coherent integration of ICT into national strategy for economic growth and social development • Joint public and private sector initiatives on ICT development and its country-wide adoption played a key role • During past decade, public sector has been leading driver of technology adoption • Developed impressive e-government system, • Implemented initiatives to bridge digital divide • Introduced legislation to enhance use of ICTs, covering e-signatures and electronic invoicing • Deregulated and privatized telecoms sector

  25. III. Unveiling the 2005-2006 resultsChile (3): major initiatives in ICT development • A number of major initiatives, involving both the public and the private sectors, were key to improving readiness and take-up of ICTs. • e-government system for online tax statements, e-invoicing and fee billing that facilitated and raised tax compliance • ChileCompra, a public platform for purchasing and hiring, recording 270,000 business operations in 2004, totalling US$1.9bn, now largest national e-market • Trámite Fácil, a government site that co-ordinates 39 ministries and public services, offering 227 processes online, incl. official documents, housing subsidies, university credits, etc. • National network of Infocenters to improve IT access for low-income sectors of population • Educational programs to help achieve strategic ICT objectives, such as: • Enlaces Program providing schools with computers • EducarChile, a portal offering digital content and tools to spread use of ICT for educational purposes, aimed at decreasing digital income divide • Digital Literacy campaign aimed at housewives, workers, seniors • Study of English language

  26. III. Unveiling the 2005-2006 resultsChile (4): remaining challenges ahead • Despite its success, a number of challenges still remain • Individual Usage and Individual Readiness show up as relative weaknesses in Chile’s WEF Technology Index scores (underscoring that:) • ICT penetration in remote and rural areas remains weak • SMEs need to be more fully integrated into the country’s ICT take-off • Due to the unequal income distribution, there is still a digital divide that needs to be bridged

  27. III. Unveiling the 2005-2006 results Case studies: Israel (1) • Government’s role is crucial in the emergence of Israel as an “ICT powerhouse”. • Actions include: • Heavy investment in education along with policies encouraging immigration • Heavy investment in R&D • Incentives to attract FDI • Incubator and venture capital programs to fill the funding gap between R&D and viable business • Also: macroeconomic stability, public sector downscaling

  28. III. Unveiling the 2005-2006 results Case studies: Israel (2)

  29. III. Unveiling the 2005-2006 results Case studies: Taiwan (1) • Taiwanese Global Share of ICT Products, 2003

  30. III. Unveiling the 2005-2006 results Case studies: Taiwan (2) • Taiwan represents one of the most compelling development stories of past half century, rising from a resource-poor agricultural society to a high-tech powerhouse in half a century • Today, it is ranked 3rd in the world in WEF Technology Index and 5th in WEF Global Competitiveness Index • Exceptional strengths include: • Capacity for innovation, • Firm-level technology absorption • University/industry collaboration • Use of latest technologies (mobile, PCs, Internet) • Can serve as an important role model for other countries

  31. III. Unveiling the 2005-2006 results Case studies: Taiwan (3) • Taiwan’s success attributed to… • Government’s key role in pursuing and funding long-term ICT strategic vision as public-private partnership • Good government, sound macro management, outward-looking orientation, enabling tax environment and supporting infrastructure • Emphasis on high quality science & tech education • Reversal of brain drain of 1960/70s through incentives • Successful incubation and venture capital support for high-tech SMEs • High-tech science parks based on Silicon Valley model • Access to large mainland Chinese market

  32. Part IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin America

  33. IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin AmericaArgentina: Profile

  34. IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin AmericaArgentina: Balance sheet

  35. IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin AmericaBolivia

  36. IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin AmericaBrazil: Profile

  37. IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin AmericaBrazil: Balance sheet

  38. IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin AmericaChile: Profile

  39. IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin AmericaChile: Balance sheet

  40. IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin AmericaColombia

  41. IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin AmericaCosta Rica

  42. IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin AmericaDominican Republic

  43. IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin AmericaEcuador

  44. IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin AmericaEl Salvador

  45. IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin AmericaGuatemala

  46. IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin AmericaGuyana

  47. IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin AmericaHonduras

  48. IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin AmericaJamaica

  49. IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin AmericaMexico: Profile

  50. IV. A closer look at the performance of Latin AmericaMexico: Balance sheet

More Related