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We will start shortly…. Web Seminar. You should hear my voice through your PC speaker / headset You can ask questions using the “Questions” panel on the right of your screen. We will answer: In the “Questions” Panel At the end of the presentation By email

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  1. We will start shortly…

  2. Web Seminar • You should hear my voice through your PC speaker / headset • You can ask questions using the “Questions” panel on the right of your screen. We will answer: • In the “Questions” Panel • At the end of the presentation • By email • Later this week you will receive link to: • Presentation • Recording of this webinar with narration • Relevant links to SMARTEC website

  3. Distributed Fiber Optic Sensorsfor Dams and Levee Deformation Monitoring Daniele Inaudiinaudi@smartec.chSMARTEC SA, Manno, Switzerlandwww.smartec.chRoctest, St. Lambert, Canadawww.roctest.com

  4. Traditional sensors - equipment

  5. Traditional sensors - equipment ? ? ? ? ?

  6. Introducing distributed sensing Sensing everywhere

  7. Distributed Sensing Applications Pipeline

  8. DiTeSt / DiTemp Systems • Distributed measurement of strain and/or temperature • Specialized cables for distributed sensing • High spatial resolution: 1m • Long range: up to 30km • Long-term stability • Dedicated software for data analysis on visualization • Cost-effective solution for large number of points

  9. Scattered Light Scattered Light T, ε T, ε DiTemp DiTeSt T, ε T, ε Optical scattering in silica fibers λ0

  10. Temp. [°C] Position [m] F F Strain [me] Position [m] Distributed Sensing Reading Unit T1 Distributed Sensor 0m T2 1m 100m T1 1000m e T2 e 20km

  11. DiTeSt: Performances • Range: 30 km • Spatial Resolution: 1 m over 1km 2 m at 30 km • Strain precision: 20 με • T precision : ± 1° C • Measurement time: typ. 5 min

  12. Cable Design SMARTape: Strain sensing Temperature Cable SMARTProfile: Strain and Temperature sensing Hydro & Geo: Strain and Temperature sensing

  13. Graphical User Interface Dams Dikes

  14. Settlements and slidings Distributed sensors, buried Potential sliding area Early settlement or sliding puts in traction sensor parts in concerned areas Potential settlement area Critical area detected and localized

  15. Dike Dike Leakage of dams, dikes & river banks River • Early detection and localization of movements • Possibility to locate dike defects or overflow • Possibility to check water level over long distance

  16. Gravity dam Sensing cable for monitoring the strain and temperature distribution dependent on the solar radiation, air/water temperature and water level. Sensing cable in different layers for temperature monitoring during the concrete setting.

  17. Arch dams Sensing cable for monitoring the temperature gradient dependents on the solar radiation, air/water temperature and water level. Monitoring Joints movements Surface, gallery or borehole installation for old dams. Embedded solution for dams under construction.

  18. New Orleans Levee Netherlands Levee stability test Latvia gravity dam USA Sinkhole detection Application Examples

  19. iLevee Project, New Orleans [SMARTEC, Geocomp, New Orleans Levee District, Shannon and Wilson]

  20. iLevee I-Wall monitoring test period Strain [µε] [SMARTEC, Geocomp, New Orleans Levee District, Shannon and Wilson]

  21. Field test: Ijkdijk Stability test, NL [Source: Deltares]

  22. Ijkdijk: Position of sensors [Source: Deltares, Tencate, Inventec]

  23. Ijkdijk: Failure mode [Source:Deltares]

  24. Ijkdijk Results Failure zone identified by high deformations at the edges. A weak spot in the dike was discerned during the first excavation stage,42 hours before the dike really failed. [Source: Deltares,Tencate, GeoPhyConsult]

  25. Plavinu Dam, Latvia • Dam Monitoring • Detection of concrete cracks • 250 m of SMARTape used • 250 m of T sensor used • Installation in a dam tunnel • Automatic operation and warning generation [Source: VND3]

  26. Sinkhole Monitoring, Kansas A total of 4 km of SMARTGeoTex Rope – DiTeSt were installed on a wide old-mine area

  27. Sinkhole Monitoring, Kansas Digging of the trench where the SMARTGeoTex Rope is deployed

  28. Sinkhole Monitoring: user interface

  29. Response test [Source: Burns & McDonnell]

  30. Fiber Optic sensors are an innovative, but well proven technology useful for structural and geotechnical monitoring and instrumentation Some unique features of FOS, in particular distributed sensing, open new application possibilities Distributed sensing offers an ideal solution for the detection and localization of new conditions such as leakages, settlements, cracks, abnormal joint movements and others Many successful application examples worldwide demonstrate the maturity of FOS technology Conclusions

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