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Humanitarian Intervention. Humanitarian Intervention. Overview. Outline Background Occasions Means Agents Endings Source: Michael Walzer, “The Argument about Humanitarian Intervention.” Dissent , Vo. 49, No. 1 (Winter 2002). Background.
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Overview • Outline • Background • Occasions • Means • Agents • Endings • Source: Michael Walzer, “The Argument about Humanitarian Intervention.” Dissent, Vo. 49, No. 1 (Winter 2002) ©Lawrence M. Hinman
Background • Atrocities generally used to be hidden, now they are much more likely to be covered in international news. • This issues cuts across traditional hawk-dove allegiances. ©Lawrence M. Hinman
Some Recent Occasions for Humanitarian Intervention • Somalia • Bosnia • Rwanda • Sierra Leone • Kosovo ©Lawrence M. Hinman
Occasions “What are the occasions for humanitarian intervention?” • Only in extreme cases to protect life and liberty, not for everyday social change • Genocide, ethnic cleansing • No possibility of effective local response ©Lawrence M. Hinman
Agents “Who are the preferred agents?” • Possible agents in Kosovo: United States, NATO, UN • Unilateralism most common • Police forces, if trusted, are committed to entire body of citizenry—rarely the case for UN • Distinguish between right to intervene and obligation to do so. ©Lawrence M. Hinman
Means “How should the agents act to meet the occasion?” • Use of force crucial to defeating those who are engaging in genocide • Kosovo: minimize risk to soldiers ©Lawrence M. Hinman
Endings “When is it time to end the intervention?” • Primary end is to stop the killing: “in and quickly out” • Generally leave the rest to local sovereignty, if possible, unless • No viable local political structure left • Killings likely to resume if withdraw • State is simply disintegrated ©Lawrence M. Hinman