CANKAYA UNIVERSITY OFFICE OF BASIC AND ELECTIVE COURSES -ENGLISH UNIT-

1. CANKAYA UNIVERSITY OFFICE OF BASIC AND ELECTIVE COURSES-ENGLISH UNIT- ENG 105 WEEK 10&11&12

2. UNIT 6 ART HISTORY The Art of Marc Chagall

3. KEY WORDS

4. Abstract(adj.): art made of shapes and patterns that do not look like real people or things Collocations : abstract art Ex:MarcChagall is influencedbyabstractworks of his time

5. Image(n): a picture Ex:You can seetheimages of CatholicChurch in thisexhibition. Ex:Incubism, imagesaremade of shapeslikecirclesandsquares

6. Reality(n): things that actually happen or are true Word Formation : Realistic (adj) Ex:Theywanttouse a styletoshowrealitytothepeople. Ex:Before 20th century, artiststriedtomakepaintingsrealistic.

7. Subject(n):the thing in a painting or photograph Ex:What is thesubject of thispainting? Ex:Most of the time, sheuseslove as thesubject of her paintings Ex:Duringtheirmarriage, Gala, Dali’swife, wasthesubject of Dali’spaintings.

8. Previewing the Academic Content • The late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries were a time of great change in art. • Before this time, artists tried to make paintings look realistic. • The new artists like Pablo Picasso used an abstract style to show ideas about people and objects without showing how they looked in reality.

9. They shocked the art world with their modern tehniques. • In cubism, such kind of an art, image were made up of shapes like circles and squares or patterns seen from different views. • These objects and people did not look real. • Russian artists Marc Chagall was greatly influenced by the abstract work and artists of his time. • However, Chagall is famous for his own style of modern art.

10. Some works of Marc Chagall Song of songs Paris throughthewindow FlyingCarriage FallingAngel

11. Many artists paint self-portraits, or pictures of themselves. Look at the three self-portraits on page 100 and number them 1(most realistic) to 3 (most abstract). 1. What makes the paintings realistic? What makes them abstract ? 2. Which paintings do you like ? Which one don’t you like ?

12. LikeChagall,manyartistswereinfluencedbythenewabstractstyle in art. Look at twopaintings on page 101 anddiscussthequestions on thesamepage. • Whatsimilaritiesanddifferences do youseebetweenthesetwopaintings? Considerthecolors, shapesandsubjects of thepaintings. • Why do youthinktheartistsmadethesepaintings? Was it totell a story, tocreateandemotion, toshow an eventorto do something else ? • Do youlikepaintings ? WhyorWhy not ?

13. 3. What do you think the quotations about art mean?(page 101) Quotation 1: B Quotation 2: A Quotation 3: A 4. Discuss the questions in small groups. Do you think people should be able to understand art ? Explain. Do you think art that tells a story is more interesting than other types of art ? Explain.

14. Previewing the Academic Skills Focus Fact and Opinion • Facts are true statements that we can test or prove, such as numbers or dates. • An opinion is someone’s thought, belief, or feeling about something. • Recognizing the difference between facts and opinions is important for evaluating- judging the value of – what you hear or read. • Read the statements about Marc Chagall. Write facts or opinions above the column. (Page 102) The left column of the chart includes facts The right column includes opinions.

15. READINGKEY WORDS

16. Depend on(v):to need something or someone to do something Word Formation : Dependent (adj) / Independent (adj) Ex:Theeconomy of thecountrydepends on tourism. Ex:He is an independent artist whodoes not depend on anyartisticstyle.

17. Inspire(v): to make someone want to do something Word Formation : Inspiration (n), Inspiring (adj) Collocations : inspire somebody to do something Ex:His wife inspired Chagall in his paintings Ex:The music was very inspiring for her and she started her new painting with this music. Ex:You cannot always have the same inspiration in your life. Sometimes you feel it deeply, but sometimes you cannot even feel it.

18. Modernism(n): a style of art and building that was especially popular from the 1940s to the 1960s, in which artists used simple shapes Word Formation : Modernistic (adj) Ex:At his veryfirstyears, he wasinfluencedbymodernism.

19. Universal(adj): true or right in every situation Ex:Love is a universalsubjectused in differentkinds of arts. Ex:Thismusicgroupmakesuniversalsongslistenedbymanypeopleallovertheworld.

20. Permit(v): to allow something to happen, especially by an official rule, law etc. Word Formation : Permission (n) Synonyms: allow Collocations : Permitsomebodyto do something Ex:They do not permitsmoking in public. Ex:Dogsare not permitted inside theshops. Ex:Youneedtoshowyourpermissiontosellyourproductshere.

21. Destroy(v): to damage something so badly that it cannot be used or repaired. Word Formation : Destruction (n) Collocations : Ex:Because the buildings were destroyed by the soldiers during the WWII , the works of famous artists cannot be found now. Ex:The destruction of the environment will affect the future generations badly. Ex:

22. Occupy(v): to enter a place in a large group and keep control of it by military force Ex:Thesoldiersoccupiedmost of theislands at theend of thewar. Ex:Protestorsoccupiedwallstreet in orderto protest worldorder.

23. Theme(n): the main idea or subject in a book, movie, painting speech etc. Ex:Thetheme of themovie is loveandhonour. Ex:Thetheme of thebookwassoordinarythat I could not continuereading it.

24. Movement(n): a group of people who share the same ideas or beliefs and who work together to complete a particular goal Collocations : Artisticmovement Ex:Almostall of theartistsareinfluencedbytheartisticmovement of theirtimes. Ex:Modernisticmovementwasbetween 1940s and 1960s.

25. Known (adj): recognized or known by many people Collocations : be knownforsomething best-known least-known Ex:MarcChagall is knownfor his universalpaintings. Ex:Rolling IntheDeep is thebest-knownsong of Adele.

26. Bring Together(phr.v.): to put things or people together Ex:The writer’s books bring together the bad and good people. Ex:The painter brings together different themes in his paintings.

27. Connect(v):to join two or more things together Word Formation : Connection (n) Synonyms: Link Ex: With this painting, Chagall connects animals with humans.

28. Closely(adv): very carefully Ex:Look at theimagesclosely, andtellmehowmanycharactersthereare in eachpicture. Ex:Thepolicewatchedthemancloselyallday.

29. Probably(adv.): used to say something is likely to happen Word Formation : Probable (adj) Synonyms: Likely Ex:Itseemscloudy, it willprobablyraintoday.

30. Before You Read • Read the timeline of Marc Chagall’s life on page 103. • Discuss the questions on page 104 and use the facts from the timeline on page 103. 1. Russia, France, US; France 2. art 3. his wife Bella 4. 1941 5. Saint-Paul de Vence, France

31. 3. Use the information in the timeline to form opinions about Marc Chagall’s life (Page104 ). Discuss your opinions. 1. Chagall was probably the happiest during the time he lived in France andduring his marriage with Bella. During those times he developed his own uniquestyle. In addition, he loved Bella very much and often included her image in hispaintings.

32. 2. He was probably the saddest during the war and after Bella died. During thewar, he had to leave France, and the Nazis destroyed many of his paintings.Bella’s death probably affected him greatly. 3. Chagall loved Bella very much. She’s the subject of many of his paintings andshe inspired him greatly. 4. Chagall moved to United States to avoid Nazi persecution. 5. Bella’s death was probably the reason why Chagall stopped painting for awhile.

33. Global Reading • Read the excerpt from an art history textbook. As you read, underline the opinions. Take notes on the main ideas. • Read the statements on page 105 and decide if they are true (T) or false (F). 1. T 2. T 3. F 4. F 5. T 6. F 7. T

34. Identifying Facts • A fact is an information that is true for everyone. It can be tested or proven. For example: • Marc Chagall was a Russian artist. • I and The Village is a painting • To find facts, ask yourself, “Can this be proven to be true ?” • If the answer is yes, then it is a fact. • Recognizing and remembering important facts help you understand any subject. • Including facts in your writing and speech will help you support your own ideas.

35. 3. Study the painting I and the Village on page 104. Write four facts about the painting. Read your facts to a partner and your partner will decide if your statements are facts. Example: A: In I and the Village there is a big green face. B: Yes that is a fact. A:The green face looks very strange. B: No, that is not a fact. You can’t prove it.

36. Focused Reading • Read the text on pages 104-105 again. Circle the best answer to complete each statement. 1. b 2. b 3. c 4. c 5. a

37. Identifying Opinions • Recognizing opinions is an important part of evaluating a text. • An opinion is a person’s thought, belief, or feeling about something. • An opinion is often introduced by specific phrases like: • I think (that)…., I believe (that)….., I feel (that)…, In my opinion • Words such as good, bad, best, beautiful are also used. • Example • I think that Marc Chagall’s art is beautiful. • If a statement does not use these expressions ask yourself: • Can I check or prove this ? If answer is no, it is an opinion • Can I agree or disagree ? If answer is yes, it is an opinion

38. 2. Read the excerpts from the reading. Each contains an opinion, a fact or both. Underline facts once and opinions twice. Example: The main part of the painting shows a green man (probably marc Chagall himself) and an animal (a horse or a goat) looking at each other.

39. 1. The place in the painting must be Vitebsk, the small Russian farming villagewhere Chagall was born into a large Jewish family. 2. A circle connects the two images. This could be an example of Chagall’s beliefin a strong connection between humans and animals. 3. In I and the Village, Chagall brings together fantasy and reality to show a loveof home and the natural world. 4. Chagall married Bella in 1915. 5. Chagall painted many images of them together, and these works clearly showthe feelings of romantic love and joy he felt for her. 6. Even after her death in 1944, Bella continued to inspire his work.

40. The textbook passage says that the circle connecting the animal and the man inthe painting shows Chagall’s belief in a connection between humans andanimals. I believe that this is true. When you look at the painting closely, you willsee that there is also a line that goes between the man’s eyes and the animal’seyes. I think this is another example that Chagall believed that people andanimals are connected. It seems to me that Chagall wanted to say that all livingthings depend on each other. 3. Read the blog entries on pages 107 & 108. Underline the facts once and opinions twice.

41. The title of the painting is I and the Village. I think the “I” from the title is the greenman in the painting. The textbook says that the man is probably Chagall himself.He’s wearing a schoolboy hat, so I think it’s Chagall when he was a boy. In myopinion, Chagall is showing that he will always remember the place where hegrew up. 4. Write your own blog entry about the painting. Make sure that you include at least one fact and two opinions.

42. LISTENING KEY WORDS

43. Critic (v): a person whose job is to say if art, music, and movies are good or bad Word Formation : Criticize (v) Collocations : music/ art critic Ex:Sheworks as a critic in SundayTimesandshewritesaboutpaintings.

44. Sentimental(adj.): strongly showing emotions such as love and sadness Synonyms : emotional Ex:Chagall’spaintingsareseen as sentimantalpaintings. Ex:Thesongwasverysentimental. Everybodycriedwhilelisteningto it.

45. Before You Listen • What is the purpose of art ? Check the opinions on page 108. • Read the quotations by famous artists. Which opinion from exercise 1 does each quotation support ? (Page 109) Claude Monet: Norman Rockwell: Marc Chagall: Pablo Picasso: Vincent Van Gogh: show reality tell a story; show reality;show important events inspire strong emotions inspire strong emotions help people relax

46. Global Listening • Listen to the introduction of a lecture on art. What do you think the professor will talk about?Check your predictions. After listening , see if your predictions are true. The professor will talk about… __ techniques that Chagall used in his paintings __ his own experiences with art critics __ critics’ opinions about Chagall’s paintings __ the purpose of Chagall’s art __ different paintings that Chagall made. X X

47. 2. Listen tothelecture. Thencirclethestatement in eachpairthatexpressesthemain idea. • a ) Chagall’s art is easytounderstand • b ) Chagalluseddifferentstylesandtechniquestocreatefeeling of fantasy • b) SomecriticsbelieveChagall’s art is toosentimental • b) Chagall’sworkexpresseslove, joyandbeauty.

48. Recognizing a Speaker’s Degree of Certainty • Speakers may use special words and phrases to show certainty, or how sure they are of their opinions. 100% 95% 50% less than 50% is must be may be might be/ could be 3. Listen to the three excerpts. How certain is the lecturer about each feature of painting ? First write the words professor uses to express certainity. Then deciide the lecturers degree of certainity. Excerpt One: must; very certain (95%) Excerpt Two: is, are; very certain (100%) Excerpt Three: may; not very certain (50%)

49. Focused Listening • Listen to the lecture again. Take notes in the chart with examples from the lecture.

50. 2. Circlethecorrectanswers. Usethechart on page 110 tohelpyou. 1. b, c 2. a, b 3. a IdentifyingSupportforOpinions • Effectivespeakersandwriterssupporttheiropinionswithreasonsordetailsthatarespecific, clear, andlogical. Thesemayincludecertaintypes of details. • Examples (frompersonalexperienceor background) • Common sense (thingseveryoneknowsor can understand) • Expertevidence (theopinion of experts) • Statistics (numbersthatcomefromresearch) • As youreadtextsor listen tolectures, identifythedetailsthatsupportpeople’sopinions