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SOL Blitz Review

Explore the early settlement of Jamestown and Mayflower Compact, effects of colonization, social characteristics, Civil War causes, Industrial Age innovations, and key events like Reconstruction, Gilded Age, and World Wars. Witness the rise of industrial leaders and civil rights movements.

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SOL Blitz Review

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  1. SOL Blitz Review

  2. Characteristics of Early Exploration and Settlement • Jamestown • Covenant community • Mayflower Compact • Mid-Atlantic Diversity • Cavaliers and Shenandoah farmers • House of Burgesses  General Assembly of Virginia

  3. Interactions Among Europeans, Africans, and American Indians • English settlements • Spanish settlements • Disease and loss of land • American Indian = First American • Plantations and slavery

  4. The Colonial Period • New England Economy • Middle Economy • Southern Economy • Cash crops • Small-scale farming

  5. Social Characteristics of the Colonies • Puritans • Quakers • Catholics • Church of England • Great Awakening • Methodists and Baptists

  6. Indentured Servitude and Slavery • Indentured servants from England, Scotland or Ireland • Slavery – filling labor needs

  7. Ideas of John Locke and Thomas Paine • Life, liberty, property • “natural rights” • “ordered liberty” • Common Sense

  8. Issues of the Revolutionary Period • Declaration of Independence • Anglo-French Rivalry • Proclamation of 1763 • End of salutary neglect • Beginning of War • 1st Continental Congress • Boston Massacre • “minutemen” at Lexington & Concord

  9. Articles of Confederation • No power to tax • No federal regulation of commerce • No common currency • One vote per state • No branches

  10. The Constitution • Key Leaders • George Washington • James Madison – Virginia Plan and Bill of Rights • Thomas Jefferson – Virginia Statute of Religious Freedom • George Mason - Virginia Declaration of Rights

  11. Early National Period • Election of 1800 • John Adams and Alexander Hamilton • Thomas Jefferson • War of 1812 and Oregon Territory • Migration to Florida • Louisiana Purchase • Manifest Destiny

  12. Age of Jackson • Bank of the United States • Spoils system • Election of 1828 • North vs. South Economy

  13. Causes of the Civil War • William Lloyd Garrison • Nat Turner and Gabriel Prosser • Missouri Compromise • Compromise of 1850 • Kansas-Nebraska Act • “A house divided”

  14. Civil War • Fort Sumter • Gettysburg • Emancipation Proclamation • Appomattox Courthouse

  15. Reconstruction • Radical Republicans • Compromise of 1877 • Jim Crow Era

  16. The Industrial Age • Westward movement • Homestead Act of 1862 • New and Old Immigrants

  17. Growth of Cities • Chicago, Detroit, Cleveland, Pittsburgh and New York - manufacturing centers • Need for new public services • Immigrants and ethnic neighborhoods • Factories

  18. Inventions/Innovations • Corporation • Bessemer Steel Process • Light bulb – Thomas Edison • Telephone – Alexander Graham Bell • Airplane – Wright Brothers • Assembly Line- Henry Ford

  19. Industrial Leaders • Andrew Carnegie (Steel) • J.P. Morgan (Finance) • John D. Rockefeller (Oil) • Cornelius Vanderbilt (Railroads)

  20. Jim Crow Laws • 1896 – Plessy v. Fergusan • Ida B. Wells – anti-lynching advocate • Booker T. Washington –vocational education first! • W.E.B. DuBois – NAACP – equality now!

  21. Progressive Movement • Working conditions • Goals of Progressive Movement • Progressive Accomplishments • Local Governments – more professional • State Governments – Initiative, Referendum and Recall • Elections – 17th Amendment – U.S. Senators • Child Labor Laws and Labor Unions

  22. Strikes and Anti-trust Laws • Haymarket Square – Chicago – all workers • Homestead Strike - Steelworkers • Pullman Strike – Railroad workers • Sherman Anti-Trust Act – break up monopolies • Clayton Anti-Trust Act – against price fixing

  23. U.S. Relations to Asia and Latin America • Open Door Policy – China – John Hay • Dollar Diplomacy – Latin America and President Taft – business investments • Spanish American War • Asia and Pacific • Panama canal • Annexed Hawaii

  24. World War I • U.S. Involvement in World War I • Fourteen Points and President Wilson • League of Nations • Punishment of Germany • Treaty of Versailles • League Debate in the U.S. – Treaty Rejected!

  25. Great Depression • Causes • Overspeculation on stocks and stock market crash • Federal Reserve’s failure to prevent collapse of banking system • High Protective Tariffs – Hawley-Smoot Act

  26. Great Depression • Impact • Unemployment and homelessness • Collapse of financial system • Political unrest • Farm foreclosures and migration • Dustbowl - Oklahoma

  27. New Deal • Franklin D. Roosevelt • “We have nothing to fear but fear itself…” • Relief Measures – WPA - Employment • Recovery Programs – AAA – Agriculture • Reform Measures – FDIC - Insurance • Social Security Act – Retirement pension

  28. World War II • War in Europe • War in Asia • Allied Strategy • Axis Strategy • U.S. Neutral • U.S. Involvement – Pearl Harbor – Dec. 7, 1941

  29. Turning Points • North Africa – El Alamein • Europe – Stalingrad and D-Day • Pacific • Midway • Island Hopping • Iwo Jima and Okinawa • Atomic Bombs

  30. Holocaust • Genocide • Jews, Poles, Slavs, Gypsies and “Undesirables” • Nuremberg Trials • Trials of those responsible for Holocaust • Following orders is no excuse!

  31. Minority Participation • Tuskegee Airmen • Nisei Regiments • Navajo communication codes • Mexican Americans

  32. Geneva Convention • Treatment of Prisoners • Japanese did not follow Convention • Bataan Death March • Japanese committed suicide rather than surrender

  33. World War II -Homefront • Economic Resources • Rationing • Businesses retooled to produce weapons • Human Resources • Women – Rosie the Riveter • Japanese Internment

  34. Postwar Outcomes • United Nations • Soviet Occupation of Eastern Europe • U.S. Occupation of Japan • Marshall Plan

  35. Cold War • U.S. versus USSR (Soviet Union) • Truman Doctrine (Containment) • NATO versus Warsaw Pact • China • Nuclear Weapons

  36. Cold War • Korean War – Domino Theory • Vietnam War - Controversial • Cuba – Bay of Pigs and Missile Crisis • Cold War at Home • McCarthyism – Cold War Hysteria • Alger Hiss, Julius and Ethel Rosenberg – convicted of being communist spies!

  37. Role of Presidents • John F. Kennedy – “pay any price…” • Lyndon B. Johnson – Escalation of Vietnam • Richard M. Nixon – Vietnamization and Vietnam War protests • Watergate – Nixon resigns

  38. End of Cold War • Internal Problems of the Soviet Union • Glasnost • Perestroika • Role of President Reagan “Mr. Gorbachev, tear down this wall”

  39. Civil Rights • 1954 Brown versus Board of Education • Thurgood Marshal • 1963 March on Washington • Martin Luther King Jr. “I have a dream” • Civil Rights Act of 1964 • Voting Rights Act of 1965 • NAACP

  40. Women • Increased participation in the workplace • Sandra Day O’Conner • Equitable Pay • Glass Ceiling

  41. Immigrants • Increased American diversity • Asia and Latin America • Political Freedom • Economic Opportunity • Contributions • Role in labor force • Ethnic food, music, arts

  42. Technology • Neil Armstrong – Man on the Moon • CNN • Personal Computers • World Wide Web • Cell Phones • Telecommuting • White Collar Careers • Medical Breakthroughs – Jonas Salk –Polio Vaccine

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