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Latin American Studies

Latin American Studies. December 9, 2010. Blackboard Configuration. Do Now : George Carlin video on “Stuff” Objectives: Finish talking about Simon Bolivar Read and discuss the “Letter from Jamaica” (1815) Work on Bolivar symbol mini-project

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Latin American Studies

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  1. Latin American Studies December 9, 2010

  2. BlackboardConfiguration Do Now: George Carlin video on “Stuff” Objectives: Finish talking about Simon Bolivar Read and discuss the “Letter from Jamaica” (1815) Work on Bolivar symbol mini-project Homework: Mini-project on Bolivar due Tuesday

  3. Where were we? • What was going on in Venezuela? • Who was Francisco de Miranda? What happened to him? • On a scale of 1 to 10, how successful has Bolivar been so far?

  4. Bolivar returns to Venezuela again… • Aug. 6,1813 - Bolivar returns to Caracas at head of a New Granadan army. • Eleven months later—Bolivar's army is defeated by a royalist force led by Jose Thomas Boves, (llaneros). • Bolivar flees to Colombia, returns with another army, and is defeated again. • 1815 - While in exile, Bolivar writes the Letter from Jamaica, in which he outlines his vision of South America. • December 1816 - Unable to obtain aid from the Great Powers, Bolivar finds support in Haiti from President Alexander SabesPetion

  5. 1816 – Bolivar attempted to return to Venezuela, but initially rebuffed • Decided to establish base in Orinoco region of Venezuela • Bolivar gained support of llaneros and of patriot rebels • Helped by end of the Napoleonic wars—resources from Britain, stubbornness of Ferdinand II

  6. Orinoco region of Venezuela

  7. Eve of the campaign • 1819 – summoned to Angostura congress • Given power • Presented project for constitution abolishing slavery and distributing land • Elected president of republic • Strategy for liberating Venezuela and Colombia = striking heavy blow at Spanish forces from unexpected direction

  8. Campaign • Llaneros distracted main body of Spanish troops • Bolivar advanced with 2500 men along Orinoco and Arauco rivers towards Bogota • On field at Boyoca – surprised and defeated royalists in short battle; entered capital after

  9. News from Spain • 1820 – Spanish regiment about to embark to Americas mutinied, forcing Ferdinand to give up plans for reconquest • 1821 – Bolivar crushed last important Spanish force in Venezuela  Venezuela is free

  10. Columbia • Bolivar sent Antonio Sucre to seize port of Guayaquil • Creole party revolted before arrived • Sucre’s forces strengthened by men sent by General San Martin (leading independence movement in Argentina) • Sucre advanced into highlands and defeated Spanish army at Mount Pichincha near Quito • Resistance crumbledformer viceroyalty of New Granada now free; temporarily united into large state named Colombia in 1821

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