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Latin American Studies. December 10, 2010. Blackboard Configuration. Do Now: How effective are voting recounts? Objectives: Brief current events update Discuss independence movement in Peru Work on Bolivar mini-project Homework: Mini-project due Tuesday. Current Events Update….
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Latin American Studies December 10, 2010
Blackboard Configuration Do Now: How effective are voting recounts? Objectives: Brief current events update Discuss independence movement in Peru Work on Bolivar mini-project Homework: Mini-project due Tuesday
Current Events Update… First, some headlines… “Lula defends Wikileaks’ Assange” “Haiti orders recount of disputed presidential election” Results: 31% Manigat (former first lady) 22% Celestin 21% Martelly Just top 3 of 19 candidates
Argentina • Creole party in power • 1810 Junta Depose viceroyUnited Provinces of La Plata in 1813 • Tons of resistance from Uruguay and Paraguay • End up declaring independence in 1816
José de San Martín • Given command of army of Upper Peru to liberate Peru • Creates plan for ultimate liberation of South America • March over Andes to liberate Chile, then descend on Peru from the sea • January 1817: Begins the crossing of the Andes
Campaign • After grueling trek over the Andes… • Won 2 decisive battles and ended threat to independence in Chile • Reinstated man named Bernard O’Higgins • 1820 – set sail for Peru • Economic blockade of Lima • 1821: Entered Lima and proclaimed independence • Counterrevolutionary plots…
July 26-28, 1822 • Conference of Bolivar and San Martin at Guayaquil • Major points of discussion: • Future of Guayaquil…Colombia or Peru? • Political future of all Spanish America…republic or monarchy? • How to complete liberation of continent • Result: San Martin steps back, resigns leaderhsip in Peru, and fades out of revolutionary scene
Independence for Peru • Peruvian government continued to deteriorate, utnil they asked for help from Bolivar • 1824: Defeat of Spanish in PeruBolivar gained control of Lima • Last major engagement of war at Ayacucho—Sucre victorious and liberation of South America complete
Mini-project • Visual representation with explanation • What did Bolivar stand for? • What were some key moments in his life? • What does he symbolize? (And not just independence!) • Why does he matter?