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Completing the Revolution 1789-1815

Completing the Revolution 1789-1815. Chapter 8. Establishing the Government 1788-89. Washington elected President (1789) Senate creates title for President 1 st controversy - settled on “Mr. President”. The First Congress pgs 218-19. What was to be the government’s source of income?

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Completing the Revolution 1789-1815

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  1. Completing the Revolution1789-1815 Chapter 8

  2. Establishing the Government 1788-89 • Washington elected President (1789) • Senate creates title for President • 1st controversy - settled on “Mr. President”

  3. The First Congresspgs 218-19 • What was to be the government’s source of income? • How was the Constitution amended? • What is the Bill of Rights? What does it do? • What was the Judiciary act of 1789?

  4. Bill of Rights

  5. The National debt (1789) • Congress focused on nat’l debt - payment ensures credibility • Hamilton’s report on debt • US debt- $59 million

  6. The National debt (continue) • Hamilton proposes plan • Plan creates controversy • Compromise moves capital to Washington D.C.

  7. What was the Problem on the Frontier? Whiskey Rebellion 1794 Western Pennsylvania Pg 222

  8. Troubles abroad • French Revolution (1789) - King Louis XVI - declared war on Britain (1793) • America’s hopes of peace in jeopardy - Treaty w/ France (1778)

  9. Troubles abroad (continue) Washington declares neutrality (1794) • US in no condition to fight a war • America divided • commerce with Great Britain • National Debt

  10. The Jay Treaty (1794)pgs 222-23 • Who is Jay? • What was the outcome of the treaty? - Jay Treaty (1795)

  11. Washington’s Farewell • Washington’s accomplishments • Pg 223

  12. Election of 1796 • Adams (Federalist) & Jefferson (Dem Rep) • 1st contested election • France threaten war unless Jefferson elected (Jay Treaty) > seized US ships trading with Britain

  13. Adams elected 2nd President of US France severed relations with US

  14. XYZ Affair, pg 224 • Why did Adams sends statesmen to France? • What was the XYZ affair? • How did Adams respond?

  15. Crisis at home • Troubles with France produced hostility toward the French and, to some extent, toward their Republicans friends in the US.

  16. The Alien & Sedition Actspgs 224-225 • When was the Act passed? • What did it do? • How did the Republicans respond to the act? • What did the act do to Adams Presidency?

  17. Jefferson wins election of 1800 3rd President of US

  18. The Jefferson Presidency • Jeffersonian Politics: • Cut backs on military & spending (1802) • Repealed Alien & Sedition Acts • Nat’l debt fell from $80 to $57 million

  19. Louisiana Purchase (1803) • Louisiana territory • Jefferson sent delegates to buy N.O. • Jefferson purchases Territory - double size of US

  20. Louisiana Purchase 1803

  21. Jefferson’s reelection • Dismantled gov’ts power to coerce citizens • Cut down nat’l debt • Doubled size of US • Maintained peace • Reelected in 1804

  22. Napoleonic Wars • Napoleon declares war on Britain (1803) - both begin to seize US ships

  23. Jefferson’s ending term • Jefferson maintains neutrality - passed embargo act on Europe (1807) - “peaceable coercion” - economy slowed • Jefferson endorses Madison

  24. Madison elected (1809-1817)

  25. Henry Clay & the War Hawk Congress, 1812

  26. The Road to War • British continue seizing US ships - 6k US sailors impressed between 1803-12 • War Hawks fed up with Britain

  27. Whether the United States shall continue passive under these accumulating wrongs or [apply] force in defense of their national rights…shall commit a just cause for [war] 1st declared war Madison’s war message (1812) • Congress declares war (06-18-1812)

  28. War of 1812 & • US advantages • England already at war • War: close to US • US Disadvantages • Unpopular war • Poor inexperienced militia

  29. War of 1812 • British defeat Napoleon (1814) - concentrate on US forces - attack Washington, D.C. • War reaches a stalemate • Peace negotiations begin

  30. British focus on N.O. Jackson commands US troops British (6k) troops invade US forces (4k) Causalities: > British (2k) > US (70) Revived American nationalism Jackson viewed as a war hero Treaty of Ghent (1814) Battle of New Orleans (1/8/1815)

  31. Andrew Jackson “One man with courage makes a majority”

  32. War of 1812

  33. The Star-Spangled Banner • During the war of 1812, Francis Scott Key peered through clearing smoke to see an enormous US flag flying proudly after a British naval bombardment. He was inspired to write a poem (1814), which was later set to music • made the national anthem by Congress on March 3, 1931

  34. Conclusion • America establishes sovereignty - constitution / debts • Washington establishes presidency • Louisiana Purchase • War of 1812 • Peace in Europe & US

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