“ NARUC ”-is programa energetikis regulirebis sferoSi partniorobisTvis

1. tarifebis SemuSaveba I: momsaxurebis Rirebuleba “NARUC”-is programa energetikis regulirebis sferoSi partniorobisTvis saqarTvelos energetikis maregulrebeli erovnuli komisia da vermonTis sajaro samsaxuris sabWo avtori en biSofi vermonTis sajaro samsaxuris sabWo 2008 wlis 28 ivnisi

2. mimoxilva • iuridiuli standartebi • ganmartebebi • sacdeli weliwadi • momsaxurebis Rirebulebis analizi • dasaSvebi xarjebi • specialuri tipis xarjebi • tarifis baza • kapitalis Rirebuleba • praqtikuli mosazrebebi • tarifebis gansazRvris sxva meTodebi

3. iuridiuli standartebi • samarTliani da mizanSewonili tarifebi • gadamxdelebis da aqcionerebis interesebis dabalanseba • mniSvnelovania Sedegi da ara is, Tu ra meTodebiT vaRwevT mas

4. ganmartebebi • momsaxurebis Rirebuleba = Semosavlebis moTxovna = wliuri saoperacio xarjebi + kapitalis wliuri Rirebuleba • sacdeli weli = periodi, romlis ganmavlobaSic xdeba xarjebis da Semosavlebis Sedareba • Sesworebuli sacdeli periodi = sacdeli weli, romelic Sesworebulia cnobil da gazomvad cvlilebebze, normalizaciaze = satarifo weli

5. sacdeli weli • 12 Tviani periodi, romelic gamoiyeneba danaxarjebis, datvirTvebis da Semosavlebis gasazomad • SeiZleba warmoadgendes nebismier 12 Tvian periods, warsulSi an momavalSi • aSS-s Statebi gansxvavebulad iyeneben istoriul an momaval sacdel wlebs • vermonTi istoriul sacdel wels iyenebs; sasurvelia es iseTi weli iyos, romlis drosac auditi Catarda

6. istoriuli sacdeli weli • realuri gamocdileba realuri periodis ganmavlobaSi • realuri sawarmoebi, realuri gadaxdili xelfasebi da gadasaxadebu • Sesworebebis Setana istoriuli sacdeli wlis monacemebSi xorcieldeba • Sesworebebi normalizaciisTvis • Sesworebebi “cnobil da gazomvad” cvlilebebze • istoriuli sacdeli wlis gamoyeneba farulad gulisxmobs, rom Semosavlebi da danaxarjebi erTnairad izrdeba

7. Sesworebebi normalizaciisTvis • ZiriTadad, arareprezentatiuli monacemebis amogdeba • Seswordes realuri sacdeli wlis monacemebi ise, rom amogdebuli iqnas uCveulo movlenebis zegavlena • zogierTi magaliTi: • uCveulo amindi • qariSxlis mier dazianeba • gaficva sacdeli wlis ganmavlobaSi • gadamcemi mniSvnelovani Seferxeba sacdeli wlis ganmavlobaSi • didi eleqtrosadguris SekeTebis samuSaoebis gamo gaTiSva sacdeli wlis ganmavlobaSi

8. cnobili da gazomvadi cvlilebebi • SeitaneT sacdeli wlis monacemebSi Sesworebebi, romlebic “cnobili da gazomvadia” • cvlilebebi ar unda eyrdonobodnen ubralo winaswarmetyvelebas da ufro konkretuli unda iyon • zogierTi magaliTI: • xelSekruleba profkavSirebTan xelfasebis gazrdas gulisxmobs • eqspluataciaSi Sedis axali eleqtrosadguri • sacdeli wlis bolos aSenda axali mZlavri qarxana • Sevida cvlilebebi gadasaxadebis (saSemosavlo an sakuTrebaze) ganakveTebSi

9. samomavlo sacdeli weli • Cveulebriv es “sabiujeto” welia • momavali sawarmoebi, xarjebi • mxedvelobaSi iRebs Cveulebriv aminds da resursebis • Sesworebebi efuZneba winaswarmetyvelebebs, SeiZleba Seicavdes cvlilebebs, romlebic ar CaiTvleba “cnobilad da gazomvadad” • cdilobs gaaanalizos realuri ekonomikuri garemo im momentisaTvis, rodesac tarifebi ZalaSi iqneba

10. rogori sacdeli welis gamoyeneba sjobs? • istoriuli meTodi ar uSvebs manipulaciebs • Tuki zrdadi xarjebi axlos aris saSualo xarjebTan, istoriuli meTodis gamoyeneba gacilebiT ufro iolia • samomavlo sacdeli weli SeiZleba ukeTesi iyos, Tuki sistema swrafad izrdeba, an Tu zrdadi xarjebi mniSvnelovnad gansxvavdeba saSualo xarjebisagan

11. momsaxurebis Rirebulebis analizi • praqtikaSi, sabWom sami ram unda gansazRvros: • saoperacio xarjebi • tarifis baza • kapitalis Rirebuleba

12. momsaxurebis Rirebulebis formula • RR = E + d + T + (V-D)r E = saoperacio da teqnikuri momsaxurebis xarjebi d = wliuri cveTa T = gadasaxadebi V = sadguris sawyisi sabuRaltro Rirebuleba D = dagrovebuli cveTa (V-D = “tarifis wminda baza”) r = kapitalis saSualo Sewonili Rirebuleba

13. dasaSvebi xarjebi • ZiriTadi principi: aZlevs Tu ara igi raime sargebels tarifebis gadamxdelebs? • igi unda iyos mizanSewonili da aucilebeli momsaxurebis uzrunvelsayofad • ori winaswari testi • keTilgoniereba • gamoyenebuli da sasargeblo

14. keTilgoniereba • iyo Tu ara sawarmos qmedeba, imis safuZvelze rac man im droisaTvis icoda (an rac im droisaTvis unda scodnoda), mizanSewonili da keTilgonivruli yvela im garemoebis gaTvaliswinebiT, rac im droisaTvis arsebobda? • xom ar iyo windauxedavi • pativs scemda sawarmos mmarTvelobiT uflebebs • Tu ara, Cveulebriv, sabWo ar iZleva tarifis im nawilis momxmareblebisgan amoRebis uflebas, romelic swored aseTi arakeTilgonivruli saqcielis gamo warmoiSva

15. gamoyenebuli da sasargeblo • nawili I: gamoiyeneba Tu ara investicia tarifebis gadamxdelebisTvis momsaxurebis aRmosaCenad? • Tu ara, tarifebis gadamxdelebma misi Rirebuleba ar unda gadaixadon • nawili II: aris Tu ara investicia ekonomikuri im miznebisTvis, romlebsac igi unda emsaxurebodes? SeZlebs igi uzrunvelyos, ara-fuladi sargeblebis gaTvaliswinebis Semdeg, neto mimdinare faseuli sargeblebis amoReba mTeli Tavisi vadis ganmavlobaSi? • Tu ara, sabWo gadaanawilebs zedmet xarjebs gadamxdelebsa da aqcionerebs Soris, Sesabamisi proporciiT

16. sxva dauSvebeli xarjebi • arakomunaluri momsaxureba • araregulirebuli Svilobili da deda kompaniebi • sxva iurisdiqciebi • politikuri xarjebi (rogorc mardaWera? aseve lobireba) • saqvelmoqmedo Sewirulobebi • jarimebi

17. cveTa • principi: igi warmoadgens sawarmos TiTouli klasis erTi wlis Rirebulebas • cveTis ganakveTebi ganisazRvreba Zlierad teqnikuri kvlevebis safuZvelze • kvlevebi xSirad tardeba da ganixileba sxvadasxva procedurebis farglebSi (tarifebis sakiTxebis miRma)

18. cveTa da amortizacia • cveTa da amortizacia unaRdo danaxarjebs warmoadgenen • cveTa gamoiyeneba sadgurSi ganxorcielebuli investiciebis mimarT • amortizacia gamoiyeneba maregulirebeli aqtivebisa da pasivebis mimarT • xarjebi (Semosavlebi), romelTa garkveuli periodis ganmavlobaSi SeCerebaze, gadamxdelebisgan amoRebaze (an maTTvis dabrunebaze) sawarmom miiRo mkafio nebarT maregulirebeli organoebisgan • gansakuTrebulia vermontisTvis: investiciebi energoefeqturobaSi

19. cveTa da amortizacia • idealur SemTxvevaSi, cveTis da amortizaciis xangrZlivoba Tanxvdeba tarifebis gadamxdelebis mier sargeblis miRebis periods • srulad amortizebuli warsulis xarjebi amoiReba sawarmos momsaxurebis Rirebulebidan • axali investiciebi cveTasTan dakavSirebuli xarjebis gazrdas iwveven

20. gadadebuli xarjebi • erTjeradi xarjebi romelTa amortizebac tarifebis meSveobiT ramodenime wlis ganmavlobaSi xdeba (mxolod gansakuTrebuli statiebi) • Y2K (2000 wlis problemis) mogvarebis xarjebi • Zlieri qariSxlis mier miyenebuli zarali • gansxvavebebi gadasaxadebis gadaxdis grafikebSi • sawarmoebi sabuRaltro aRricxvis ramodenime tips awarmoeben, maT Soris erTi aris maregulirebeli, xolo meore sagadasaxado organoebisTvis • rodesac maregulirebeli da sagadasaxado saWiroebebisTvis cveTis sxvadasxvanairi grafikebi gamoiyeneba, es gadasaxadebis gadaxdis grafikebSic iwvevs gansxvavebas

21. saSemosavlo gadasaxadebi • proncipi: warmoadgens Cveulebriv gadasaxadebs, romlebic eqvemdebareba gadaxdas, magram ara aucileblad gadaxdilia • xarjebi, romlebic efuZneba sawarmos wignebs, romlebsac igi maregulirebeli da ara sagadasaxado saWiroebebisTvis awarmoebs • danaxarjebi amcireben gadasaxadebs; Semosavlebi zrdian gadasaxadebs.

22. tarifis baza • tarifis baza = • amJamad eqspluataciaSi myofi sadguris sawyis Rirebulebas • gamoklebuli akumulirebuli cveTa (amJamad eqspluataciaSi myofi sadguris wina wlebis cveTebis jami) • damatebuli an gamoklebuli sxva Sesworebebi • klientebis depozitebi • SeRavaTebi samuSao kapitalze

23. tarifis bazis sxva cvlilebebi • satarifo wlis dawyebamde eqspluataciidan amoRebuli sadguri agreTve tarifis bazidanac unda iqnas amoRebuli • satarifo wlis dawyebamde eqspluataciaSi Seyvanili sadguri agreTve tarifis bazaSic unda iqnas damatebuli • cvlilebebi “cnobili da gazomvadis@ standarts unda Seesabamebodnen • ar aris sakmarisi imis gancxadeba, rom proeqts biujeti gaaCnia

24. kapitalis Rirebuleba • ganisazRvreba sawarmos sakuTari kapitalis da kreditis safuZvelze • Sewonilia sawarmos kapitalis struqturis mixedviT • Cveulebriv, kapitalis struqturis elementebis: krediti, Cveulebrivi aqciebi, privilegirebuli aqciebi • tarifebis gansazRvris mizniT SesaZlebelia kapitalis hipoTeturi struqturiT Canacvleba

25. kapitalis Rirebuleba • kreditis da privilegirebuli aqciebis Rirebuleba realuri fasebis safuZvelze ganisazRvreba • aqciebis Rirebulebas maregulireblebi gansazRvraven • unda iyos iseTive rogorc msgavsi riskebis mqone investiciebis ukugeba • maregulireblebi Cveulebriv sxvadasxva meTodologiebs iyeneben • nebadarTuli ukugeba aqciebze aris SesaZlebloba da ara garantia

26. Semosavlebis deficiti/zedmetoba • wminda saoperacio Semosavali arsebuli tarifebis pirobebSi = Semosavals gamoklebuli xarjebi (maT Soris unaRdo xarjebi) • saWiro wminda saoperacio Semosavali = tarifis baza gamravlebuli kapitalis saSualo Sewonil Rirebulebaze • wminda saoperacio Semosavlis deficiti (an zedmetoba) = udris gansxvavebas wminda saoperacio Semosavals arsebuli tarifebis pirobebSi da saWiro wminda saoperacio Semosavals Soris • aucilebelia wminda saoperacio Semosavlis deficitSi saSemosavlo gadasaxadze Sesworebis Setana • gazrdili Semosavlebi gazrdil gadasaxadebs niSnavs • aucilebelia Semosavlebis kidev ufro gazrda, raTa SesaZlebeli iyos gazrdili gadasaxadebis dafarva • gavyoT wminda saoperacio Semosavlis namati gadamyvan faqtorze raTa daviangariSoT Semosavlebis gazrda (an Semcireba)

27. praqtikuli mosazrebebi • dafiqsirebuli tarifebis umetesobis gamoZieba ar xdeba; gamoZiebebis umetesoba garigebiT mTavrdeba; tarifebis Sesaxeb mxolod ramodenime saqme mivida sasamarTlomde • ra fasebzea saubari dolarebSi? Rurs Tu ara es fasi sasamarTlo saqmis warmarTvad? • ra ZiriTadi principebi unda iqnas gaTvaliswinebuli? • Seesabameba Tu ara yovelive es sabWos warsulis praqtikebs da precendentebs?

28. tarifebis gansazRvris sxva meTodebi • alternatiuli regulireba • SeiZleba moicavdes cvlilebebs tarifebis SemuSavebis tradiciul procedurebSi • SesaZlebelia erTi sakiTxis safuZvelze tarifebis SemuSavebis daSveba • SesaZlebelia iseTi meqanizmebis SemoReba, romlebic mogvcemen tarifebis perioduli Sesworebis saSualebas, momsaxurebis Rirebulebis gansazRvris mTeli proceduris gavlis gareSe • Sesyiduli eleqtroenergiisc Sesworebis muxli

29. gayidvebidan Semosavlebis gamoyofa • sawarmos mier gayidvebidan miRebuli Semosavlis gamoyofa • emsaxureba “rac SeiZleba metis gayidvis” stimulis aRmofxvras da axalisebs energoefeqturobas da klientebze orientirebul momsaxurebas • Cveulebriv, sawarmoebi, rac met erTeul yidian, miT met Semosavals iReben • amocanebi: • davicvaT sawarmo umdablesi-Rirebulebis qmewdebebTan dakavSirebuli finansuri zaralisgan • aRmovfxvraT sawarmos stimuli gazardos Semosavlebi gayidvebis gazrdis gziT • Semosavlebis gamoyofa, stimuls uqmnis sawarmos gaaumjobesos saoperacio da mmarTvelobTi efqturoba da ar iyos orientirebuli mxolod gayidvebze

30. gamoyofa • sawamos sabaziso Semosavlis moTxovna ganisazRvreba tradiciuli satarifo saqmis meSveobiT • TiToeuli samomavlo periodisTvis ganisazRvreba “nebdarTuli” Semosavlis moTxovna • xdeba nebadarTul Semosavlebsa da realur Semosavlebs Soris gansxvavebebis gakontroleba • gansxvavebebis dadgenis mravali gza arsebobs • gansxvaveba (dadebiTi an uaryofiTi) isev klientebze gadadis erTeulis fasSi Sesworebis Setanis meSveobiT

31. gamoyofa • klasisTvis erT klientze saSualo Semosavals mudmiv doneze inarCunebs • an SeiZleba erT klientze saSualo Semosavali periodulad izrdebodes an mcirdebodes inflaciis, produqtiulobis zrdis an sxva faqtorebis gamo • SesaZlebelia misi kombinireba samuSaos xarisxis miznebTan da stimulebTan • Sesworebebi SeiZleba iyos “dabmuli” da/an klientebTan “gaziarebuli”