1 / 31

Efna- og eðlisfræði flugelda

????. Efna- og eðlisfræði flugelda. Flugeldapakkinn:. Eldflaugar(“rockets”). Blys / stjörnuljós (“sparklers”). Gos (“fountains”). sprengjur (“bangers”). stjörnur (“stars”). Flugeldar ?. Púður (black powder). Samsetning / þróun:. /2003. Flugeldar.

erica
Download Presentation

Efna- og eðlisfræði flugelda

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. ???? Efna- og eðlisfræði flugelda

  2. Flugeldapakkinn:

  3. Eldflaugar(“rockets”) Blys / stjörnuljós (“sparklers”) Gos (“fountains”) • sprengjur (“bangers”) • stjörnur (“stars”) Flugeldar ?

  4. Púður (black powder) Samsetning / þróun: /2003 Flugeldar Meginefni: sprengifimt efni/“eldsneyti”

  5. Púður (black powder) Flugeldar Meginefni: sprengifimt efni/“eldsneyti” Samsetning / Myndun: • Viðarkol(C) + brennisteinn(S) + 2-3%vatn • mulið saman; viðloðun hámörkuð • Rakur “mulningur(1)” + saltpétur (KNO3) • mulið • “mulningur(2)” pressaður (háþrýstingur) í “köku” • kaka mulin varlega(!)

  6. Púður (black powder) = Lofttegundir / gasþensla Flugeldar Meginefni: sprengifimt efni/“eldsneyti” Virkni KNO3:C:S= 77:17:6 – blöndu): 4KNO3 + 7C + S -> 3CO2 + 3CO + 2N2 + K2CO3 + K2S

  7. Gasþensla púðurvirkni P = 1 atm V25oC= 0.38 dm3 1g púður ng = 0,015 mól V2000oC= 2.91 dm3 = Lofttegundir / gasþensla Flugeldar (g) (s) (s) Virkni KNO3:C:S= 77:17:6 – blöndu): 4KNO3 + 7C + S -> 3CO2 + 3CO + 2N2 + K2CO3 + K2S

  8. T0 T 4KNO3+7C +S -> 3CO2+3CO+2N2+K2CO3+K2S+orka DTH = HT-HT0 = C(T-T0) > 0 3CO2+3CO+2N2+K2CO3+K2S+orka T0 Varmafræði púðurvirkni: Flugeldar Virkni einfalds púðurs , KNO3:C:S= 77:17:6 – blöndu): 4KNO3 + 7C + S -> 3CO2 + 3CO + 2N2 + K2CO3 + K2S + Orka DrH = 0 DrH(T0) < 0 • DrH(T0) = C(T-T0) • 1688.2 = C(T-T0)

  9. Hiti við púðurvirkni: T < 3100K Flugeldar 4KNO3+7C +S -> 3CO2+3CO+2N2+K2CO3+K2S+orka DTH = C(T-T0)/kJ • DrH(T0) = C(T-T0) • 1688.2 = C(T-T0)

  10. T0 Ea Orka, E 4KNO3+7C +S DrE/ DrH 3CO2+3CO+2N2 +K2CO3+K2S Gangur hvarfs Flugeldar Hraði púðurvirkni: t.d. 4KNO3+7C +S -> 3CO2+3CO+2N2+K2CO3+K2S+orka

  11. Flugeldar Hraði púðurvirkni: t.d. 4KNO3+7C +S -> 3CO2+3CO+2N2+K2CO3+K2S+orka T1 Ea Orka, E 4KNO3+7C +S DrE/ DrH 3CO2+3CO+2N2 +K2CO3+K2S Gangur hvarfs

  12. Flugeldar Hraði púðurvirkni: t.d. 4KNO3+7C +S -> 3CO2+3CO+2N2+K2CO3+K2S+orka T2 Ea Orka, E 4KNO3+7C +S DrE/ DrH 3CO2+3CO+2N2 +K2CO3+K2S Gangur hvarfs

  13. Flugeldar sprengjur (“bangers”)

  14. 3CO2+3CO+2N2+ K2CO3+K2S+orka = (g) Flugeldar sprengjur (“bangers”) t.d. 4KNO3+7C +S

  15. 2g 2 g (4KNO3+7C +S) 3CO2+3CO+2N2+ K2CO3+K2S+orka ng = 0.032 mól T=2500K V= 4 cm3 Flugeldar sprengjur (“bangers”) t.d. 4KNO3+7C +S P= 1640 atm!!

  16. púður t.d. 4KNO3+ 7C +S CO CO2 N2 Flugeldar Eldflaugar(“rockets”) Stýrirými:

  17. Stjörnu- hýsi “Stjörnu- kúlur” Þversnið: púður Kveiki- Þráður “Stjörnu- kúlur” Kveiki- Þráður Flugeldar Eldflaugar(“rockets”) púður t.d. 4KNO3+ 7C +S

  18. Flugeldar Eldflaugar(“rockets”)

  19. M(s)/MY(s) + Púður(t.d.KNO3/KClO4+C+S) M/MY + Púður-> M*(g) + Myndefni; M/MY + Púður-> MX*(g) + Myndefni; DH<0 M* -> M + hn MX* -> MX + hn Flugeldar Eldflaugar(“rockets”) ?

  20. M/MY + Púður-> M*(g) + Myndefni; * * * M* -> M + hn Flugeldar Eldflaugar(“rockets”)

  21. T.D. Ba(NO3)2 KClO4 o.fl. D KCl +2O2 D Ba2+ K++Cl- * BaCl+ BaCl+ + hn Flugeldar stjörnuljós / GRÆN M/MY + Púður-> MX*(g) + Myndefni;

  22. Flugeldar stjörnuljós / GRÆN

  23. Green star Flugeldar stjörnuljós / GRÆN M/MY + Púður-> MX*(g) + Myndefni; T.D. Ba(NO3)2 KClO4 o.fl. D KCl +2O2 D Ba2+ K++Cl- * BaCl+ BaCl+ + hn

  24. T.d. Sr(NO3)2 SrCO3 KClO4 KNO3, o.fl. SrCl+* SrOH+* SrO* hn Red star Flugeldar stjörnuljós / Rauð M/MY + Púður-> MX*(g) + Myndefni;

  25. Flugeldar vs lotukerfið: Flugeldar

  26. Flugeldar vs lotukerfið: Flugeldar

  27. Flugeldar Stjörnublys og gos

  28. Flugeldar gos:

  29. D Flugeldar gos

  30. titanium Flugeldar gos

  31. t.d.: Fe, (“stjörnur”) Al, (“eldsneyti”) Ba(NO3)2, (“eldsneyti”) Dextrin (bindiefni) 10Al + 3Ba(NO3)2 -> 3BaO + 3N2 + 5Al2O3 DH<0 : : Stál- teinn hn Fe* FeO* Fe FeO + hn Flugeldar Stjörnublys

More Related