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Hydrocarbons and Functional Groups. Hydrocarbons. Contain carbon and hydrogen Isomers: same molecular formula but different structures. Alk ane Series General formula: C n H 2n+2 (saturated). Alk ene Series General formula: C n H 2n hydrocarbon with one double bond (unsaturated).
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Hydrocarbons • Contain carbon and hydrogen Isomers: same molecular formula but different structures
Alkene SeriesGeneral formula: CnH2nhydrocarbon with one double bond (unsaturated)
Alkyne SeriesGeneral formula: CnH2n-2hydrocarbon with one triple bond (unsaturated)
Functional Group • Group of atoms frequently attached to carbon “skeletons” • Usually involved in chemical reactions
Alcohols • Polar • Help to dissolve organic compounds
Aldehydes • Carbonyl group is on the terminal (end) carbon
Ketones The carbonyl group is “sandwiched” between two chains of carbons
Carboxylic Acids • Polar tendencies • Possible for H to dissociate due to the two electronegative • oxygen atoms pulling shared electrons away from hydrogen
Amino Group Amino acids – important in proteins, combines both an amino group (acts as a base due to unshared pair of electrons on Nitrogen) and a carboxyl group
Sulfhydryl • Help to stabilize intricate structures of proteins
Phosphate group • Found in ATP and DNA
Try this ….. http://www.proprofs.com/flashcards/cardshow.php?title=functional-groups-quiz&quesnum=11