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Hydrocarbons with Functional Groups Alcohols

Hydrocarbons with Functional Groups Alcohols. Alcohols At the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to:. Recognize the functional group and give a characteristic of this organic compound Name the organic compound with this functional group

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Hydrocarbons with Functional Groups Alcohols

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  1. Hydrocarbons with Functional GroupsAlcohols

  2. AlcoholsAt the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: • Recognize the functional group and give a characteristic of this organic compound • Name the organic compound with this functional group • Draw this organic compound with this functional group

  3. Functional Groups • A group of covalently bonded elements that when bonded to a carbon chain give it a unique quality. • Compounds with similar functional groups will have similar qualities and properties.

  4. Alcohols • They are organic compounds that are primarily used as disinfectants. • Alcohols have the functional group of –OH. • They have the general formula of R-OH.

  5. Euphemisms in ScienceWe all know that some politicians and government spokesmen use certain euphemistic phrases to give an aura of respectability to descriptions of events or actions which would be offensive when expressed in plain English. The following is a list of Euphemisms in Science and their translations into plain English. “It is believed that...” I think! “It is generally believed that...” A couple of other guys think so too!

  6. Alcohols are named by adding the suffix -ol. If there is more than one hydroxyl group (-OH), the suffix is expanded to include a prefix that indicates the number of hydroxyl groups present (-diol, -triol, etc.). The position of the hydroxyl group on the parent chain is indicated by placing the number corresponding to the location on the parent chain directly in front of the base name. How to Name Alcohols

  7. The hydroxyl group takes precedence over alkyl groups and halogen substituents, as well as double bonds, in the numbering of the parent chain. If there is a choice in numbering after these rules are followed, the parent chain is numbered to give the substituents the lowest number. How to Name Alcohols

  8. Examples of Naming Alcohols A Primary Alcohol – (-OH attached to an end carbon that is attached to 1 other carbon) Ethanol – drinking alcohol

  9. Examples of Naming Alcohols A Secondary Alcohol – (-OH attached to a middle carbon that has 2 other carbon bonds) 2-propanol

  10. Examples of Naming Alcohols A Tertiary Alcohol – (-OH attached to a middle carbon that has 3 other carbon bonds) 1,1-dimethylethanol (no) 2-methyl-2-propanol or 2-methylpropane-1-ol

  11. More Examples of Naming Alcohols 1,2,3-propantriol Propane-1,2,3-triol benzenol phenol

  12. Familiar Saying  Where there are visible vapors from ignited carbonaceous materials, there is conflagration. Where there is smoke, there is fire!

  13. AlcoholsLet’s see if you can: • Recognize the functional group and give a characteristic of this organic compound • Name the organic compound with this functional group • Draw this organic compound with this functional group

  14. Exit Quiz: Alcohols

  15. Hydrocarbons with Functional GroupsEthers

  16. EthersAt the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: • Recognize the functional group and give a characteristic of this organic compound • Name the organic compound with this functional group • Draw this organic compound with this functional group

  17. 15 Helpful Hints On The Lab Report from Mr. T’s Vast Lab Experience!!! Hint #6. If you can't get the answer in the usual manner, start at the answer and derive the question.

  18. Ethers • They are organic compounds that are primarily used as anesthetics. • Ethers have the functional group of –O– in the middle of the carbon chain. • They have the general formula of R-O-R’.

  19. Examples of Naming Ethers • Name the chains as alkyl groups • Put them in alphabetical order • End with ether.

  20. Examples of Naming Ethers • Name the chains as an alkyl groups • Put them in alphabetical order • (ethyl, can’t be propyl, why?) • (at 1 and 1 there are methyl groups) • End with ether. • 1,1-dimethyl ethylmethyl ether

  21. EthersLet’s see if you can: • Recognize the functional group and give a characteristic of this organic compound • Name the organic compound with this functional group • Draw this organic compound with this functional group

  22. Murphy's LawsofScience and Technology To err is human, but to really foul things up requires a computer.

  23. Exit Quiz: Ethers

  24. Hydrocarbons with Functional GroupsOrganic Acids

  25. Functional Groups • A group of covalently bonded elements that when bonded to a carbon chain give it a unique quality. • Compounds with similar functional groups will have similar qualities and properties.

  26. Organic AcidsAt the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: • Recognize the functional group and give a characteristic of this organic compound • Name the organic compound with this functional group • Draw this organic compound with this functional group

  27. Organic Acids • They are an organic compound that is primarily used as protection for fruits and vegetables. • Organic acids have the functional group of –COOH on the end of the carbon chain. This is called the carboxyl group. • They have the general formula of R-COOH.

  28. Examples of Naming Organic Acids • Name the R chain and include the C of the carboxyl group • End with –oic acid

  29. Examples of Naming Organic Acids • Name the R chain and include the C of the carboxyl group (methane) • End with –oic acid • methanoic acid

  30. Chemical Compound Quiz Acetylsalicylic acid helps cure aches and pains. What is the common name? Aspirin

  31. Organic AcidsLet’s see if you can: • Recognize the functional group and give a characteristic of this organic compound • Name the organic compound with this functional group • Draw this organic compound with this functional group

  32. Exit Quiz: Carboxylic Acids O || HO-C-C=O | OH Ethanoic acid What’s the formula? Is it like HC2H3O2? Acetic acid!! ethane-1,2-dioic acid or ethandioic acid

  33. Little Known Phobias!Edifice Complex Fear of tall buildings

  34. Exit Quiz: Carboxylic Acids 2-methylpropanoic acid

  35. Hydrocarbons with Functional GroupsKetones

  36. Familiar Saying Similar sire, similar scion. Like father, like son!!

  37. KetonesAt the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: • Recognize the functional group and give a characteristic of this organic compound • Name the organic compound with this functional group • Draw this organic compound with this functional group

  38. Ketones • These are organic compounds that are primarily used as solvents. • Ketones have the functional group of =O somewhere in the middle of the carbon chain.

  39. Examples of Naming Ketones • Name the hydrocarbon chain. • End with –one. • Give the number of the carbon to which the ketone group is attached. • 2-propanone • Common name – acetone.

  40. KetonesLet’s see if you can: • Recognize the functional group and give a characteristic of this organic compound • Name the organic compound with this functional group • Draw this organic compound with this functional group

  41. The Scientific Methodbegins with Questions about the World Around You.Ever Wonder Why?... teflon sticks to the pan in the first place?

  42. Examples of Naming Ketones • Name the hydrocarbon chain. • End with –one. • Give the number of the carbon to which the ketone group is attached. • 4-methyl-2-pentanone

  43. Hydrocarbons with Functional GroupsAldehydes

  44. AldehydesAt the conclusion of our time together, you should be able to: • Recognize the functional group and give a characteristic of this organic compound • Name the organic compound with this functional group • Draw this organic compound with this functional group

  45. Aldehydes • These are organic compounds that are primarily used as preservatives. • Aldehydes have the functional group of =O on the end of the carbon chain.

  46. Examples of Naming Aldehydes • Name the hydrocarbon chain. • End with –al. • methanal • Common name – formaldehyde.

  47. Examples of Naming Aldehydes • Name the hydrocarbon chain. • End with –al. • benzenal (benzaldehyde)

  48. Familiar Saying You cannot estimate the value of the contents of a bound, printed narrative or record from its exterior vesture. You can’t tell a book by its cover!

  49. AldehydesLet’s see if you can: • Recognize the functional group and give a characteristic of this organic compound • Name the organic compound with this functional group • Draw this organic compound with this functional group

  50. Exit Quiz of Drawing Aldehydes: 4-ethylhexanal CH3-CH2-CH-CH2-CH2-CH=O | CH3-CH2

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