Period 3 learning about language

1. Period 3 learning about language Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars

2. Learning about Language

3. solid violent astronomy generally

4. prevent...from planet development

5. explode surface method

6. Word-consolidation-II (2m) 2.Complete this passage with some of the above words. My friend Li Yanping was really very interested in ___________.he liked to watch changes in the moon,the only natural satellite of the earth through his telescope. One evening he thought he saw a huge comet ________as it hit the moon. The ________of the moon produced a lot of dust that became _______like a large ball. It seemed as if it would multiply and become a new _______.Li Yanping thought he was seeing the ______________of the universe until he noticed some dirt on his telescope!he was very disappointed. astronomy explode surface solid planet development

7. Ex. 3 P.28 Put these words into the more suitable of the two boxes. energetic violent gentle patient angry cruel terrible calm relaxing shocked harmful kind friendly jealous

8. patient violent gentle energetic calm relaxing cruel angry friendly shocked kind terrible jealous harmful Ex.4 1-4 DBCB

9. Grammar (5m) Grammar 主语从句

10. 主语从句： 做主语用的名词性从句，因其在复合句中做主语，又称主语从句，引导主语从句的有连词that ，whether， 连接代词who ，what ，which， 连接副词when，where， how， why等。

11. Grammar What part does the underlined part serve as in each sentence? A tree has fallen across the road. You are a student. To find your way can be a problem. Smoking is bad for you.

12. “How do you do?” is a greeting. What she said is not yet known. That we shall be late is certain. It is certain that we shall be late. We can see from these sentences that a sentence serves as subject, so we call it Subject Clause.

13. 主语从句（Noun Clauses as the Subject） 定义： 用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。引导主语从句的连接词有：连词that, whether；连接代词who, what和which；连接副词when, where, how和why。

14. 用法： 1) 由what等代词引起的主语从句： What the teacher said today was quite right.  老师今天说的话是十分正确的。

15. 2) 由连词that引起的主语从句： That they are badly in need of help is quite clear. 他们急需帮助，这是十分明显的。 但是这类句子在大多数情况下会放到整个句子的后部去，而用代词it作形式主语。

16. 3) 由连接代词或连接副词以及whether引起的主语从句。 Whether they will sell the house is not yet decided. 他们是否卖掉这所房子还没有决定。

17. 4) whatever, whoever也可引导主语从句。 Whatever was said here must be kept secret. 这里说的话都应当保密。 Whoever makes mistakes must correct them. 凡犯了错误的人都必须改正。

18. 注意:上述例句中的主语从句都是放在句首, 但有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免 “头重脚轻”, 常用 it作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。 例如: It is a pity that she has made such a mistake. 她犯了这样一个错误, 真是遗憾。

19. 这样就构成了下面一些常用句型: 1) It is + adj. / n. +从句 It is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是…… It is possible that... 很可能…… It is unlikely that... 不可能…… 2) It +不及物动词+从句 It seems/appears that... 似乎…… It happened that... 碰巧……

20. 3) It + be +过去分词+从句 It is said that... 据说…… It is known to all that... 众所周知…… It is reported that... 据报道…… It is believed that... 据信……;人们相信…… It is suggested that... 有人建议……

21. It must be pointed out that... 必须指出…… It has been proved that... 已证明……. 如: It is believed that at least a score of buildings were damaged or destroyed. 据信, 至少有二十座楼房遭到破坏或彻底毁掉。

22. 5) . 用于It is important / natural / necessary / impossible that...句型中, 主语从句应使用虚拟语气, 谓语动词用\“should + 动词原形\”的形式, should有时有感情色彩。

23. It +及物动词（被动语态）+主语从句 It has been decided that the exhibition will not open on Sundays. 注意: 1）主语从句在句首时，必须由连接词引导，不能省略这些连接词；但是如果用it做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，从属连词that可以省略。

24. 误：They should like each other is natural. 正：That they should like each other is natural. 正：It is natural that they should like each other. 2)如果主语从句放在句首，不能用if引导，但是如果用it 做形式主语，而把主语从句放在句末时，也可以用if引导. 误：If Mary really heard him is really doubtful. 正：It was doubtful if Mary really heard him.

25. That 1. _____ you don’t like him is none of my business. 2. _____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present 3. ________ the 2000 Olympic Games will be held in Beijing is not known yet. 4. ________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather. 5. ________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights. What Whether Whether Whoever

26. 6. ___ is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language. 7.It worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey. 8. The Foreign Minister said, “__ is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.”9. After Yang Liwei succeeded in circling the earth, ____ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space. It that It what

27. 高考链接 1.I have always been honest and straightforward, and it doesn‘t matter ______that I’m talking to.(2004年广东省卷 ) A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom 【试析】这个句子是一个由and连接的并列句。And后是一个含有主语从句的结构，其主句部分是it doesn’t matter, 主语从句则是who it is that I’m talking to.而在主语从句中，又有一个定语从句，修饰who. Who既是一个引导词，也在it is中作表语.如果再细一点，说who是 (talking) to的介词宾语也可以。

28. 2. It is pretty well understood ___ controls the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today. (2003上海) A. that B. when C. what D. how 【试析】主语从句中缺少做主语的成分，故选C.

29. 3. _____ made the school proud was______ more than 90％ of the students had been admitted to key universities. （2003上海春季） A. What; because B. What ; that C. That ; what D. That ; because 【试析】what 在此作连接代词，引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。that引导主语从句时，只起引导作用，不作任何成分.

30. Ex. 2 (P.29) Simple sentences My bedtime is fixed. The extinction dinosaurs is a mystery.

31. The importance of early plants was not known to scientists. The development of fish is well-known. The appearance of reptiles is strange.

32. Ex.3 (P.29) Your part of the sentences That many people do not know how far Beijing is from London ,England.

33. that you do not know how to grow pineapples how long the journey would take us.

34. Where you will find a town that is the shortest distance from London, England. Whether you could find a comfortable hotel that can pro- vide satisfactory service in this small poor village.

35. Homework Make use or different learning resources to have an inquiry study of subject clause ,and summarize the rules of it.