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The 19 th century & the TRANSPORTATION Revolution

8.1. The 19 th century & the TRANSPORTATION Revolution. Transportation Revolution. Industrial Revolution + Transportation Revolution = Continental Economy Roads Steamboats Canals Railroads. Roads. 1790s the Lancaster turnpike was completed.

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The 19 th century & the TRANSPORTATION Revolution

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  1. 8.1 The 19th century & the TRANSPORTATION Revolution

  2. Transportation Revolution Industrial Revolution + Transportation Revolution = Continental Economy Roads Steamboats Canals Railroads

  3. Roads 1790s the Lancaster turnpike was completed. 62 mile highway that connected Philadelphia to Lancaster Travels paid a toll - Turnpike 1811 completion of the National Road 591 miles from Cumberland, Maryland to Vandalia, Illinois.

  4. Lancaster Turnpike 1795 - The Philadelphia and Lancaster Turnpike Road Carl Rakeman

  5. National Road

  6. Steamboats • Started by Robert Fulton who installed a powerful steam engine in a vessel that came to be known as the Clermont. • Allowed for two-way travel on rivers

  7. Canals Erie Canal Built with New York state money with no help from the federal government New York Governor Dewitt Clinton provided the leadership. “Clinton’s Big Ditch” From Buffalo on Lake Erie to the Hudson River and on to New York Harbor Profitablility of farming in the Old Northwest increased Great Lakes cities like Buffalo, Cleveland and Toledo prospered Immigrants rushed to the Old Northwest states Competition for New England farmers Less traffic on the Mississippi River

  8. Erie Canal

  9. 1825 Erie Canal

  10. Erie Canal in 1890

  11. Railroads • Fast, reliable, cheaper than canals, and not frozen over in the winter • First railroad appeared in the U.S. in 1828 Stourbridge Lion "The Delaware & Hudson" (D&H collection)

  12. Continental Economy South – Produced cotton West – Produced grain and livestock East – Produced manufactured goods, machines and textiles Roads, steamboats, canals and railroads allowed for transportation of goods throughout the country. Widened gap between rich and poor

  13. Transatlantic Cable • On midnight, 28 July, 1858 H.M.S. Agamemnonand U.S.N.S. Niagara, each loaded with a suitable length of cable, met in mid-ocean, and proceeded to pay out the spliced cable in opposite directions towards their respective home ports. . •   On 5 August, a total of 3240 km had been laid, the Agamemnon now anchored in Dowlas Bay, Valentia, Ireland and the Niagara anchored in Trinity Bay, Newfoundland.  At 2.45 a.m. of that day the first telegraphic message passed across the Atlantic Ocean.  It merely announced to the Niagara that the Agamemnon had landed the cable."  • (From Semaphore to Satellite, Published by the International Telecommunication Union, Geneva 1965)

  14. Transatlantic Cable The H.M.S. Agamemnon Laying Cable (1858)

  15. Pony Express • Established in 1860 to carry mail speedily from St. Joseph, Missouri, to Sacramento, California.

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