National Conference on Rabi Campaign 2005-06

1. GUJARAT PRESENTATION National Conference onRabi Campaign 2005-06 Dr. Kirit N. Shelat Principal Secretary(Agri) (September 15th & 16th 2005) Agriculture and Cooperation Department Government of Gujarat

2. Contents • Gujarat Agriculture at a Glance • Action plan Kharif & Rabi 2005-06 • Kharif Campaign - Krushi Mahotsav 2005 • About Krushi Mahotsav-2005 • Why the Campaign was Special • The Kisan Rath • Activities Undertaken During the Campaign • Planning, Implementation and Monitoring of the Program • Centrally sponsored schemes • Issues Gujarat Agriculture

3. Gujarat Agriculture at a Glance cont.. The Background • The State and Agriculture • Total Geographical Area: 196 lakh hectares • Total Land held by Operational Land Holders: 99 lakh hectares • Normal Net Area Sown: 96 lakh hectares • Normal Total Cropped Area: 108 lakh hectares • Agro Climatic Zones: 8 • Area under Irrigation in Gujarat • Irrigation potential through canal irrigation – Estimated at 21.48 lakh hectares • Irrigation through the Sardar Sarovar Dam – 38.41 lakh hectares Gujarat Agriculture

4. Gujarat Agriculture at a Glance cont.. The Background cont.. • The major factors that have impeded agricultural productivity in the state are: • Depletion of water table • Deterioration of soil and water conditions due to salinity ingress • Irregularity of rainfall • Recurrent droughts The management of natural resources is vital not only for increasing agricultural yield and income but also for mitigating the adverse impacts of water scarcity in the state. Integrated land and water management activities, improved farming practices and appropriate market and credit linkages have the potential to increase the productivity of natural resources in a sustainable manner and ensure the nurturing of the local economy. Gujarat Agriculture

5. Gujarat Agriculture at a Glance cont.. The Background cont.. • State Initiatives Efforts made for propagation of scientific agriculture and water conservation to make agriculture stable sustainable with increase in productivity and income. Gujarat Agriculture

6. Gujarat Agriculture at a Glance cont.. The Background cont.. Agricultural Production in the State • Largest producer in the country: castor, isabgul and tobacco • Second largest producer: sesame seeds, cotton and groundnut crops. • Productivity: Highest productivity in mustard, castor and cotton Second highest in groundnut and bajra • Other crops grown in Gujarat: rice, maize, gram, pigeon, pea, green gram and sugar cane. • Major horticultural and vegetable varieties: Mango, banana,chikoo, guava, tomato, potato, onion, cumin, fennel, banana and isabgul. • Gujarat is the highest producer in the world of castor and fennel Gujarat Agriculture

7. The Background cont.. Gujarat Agriculture at a Glance cont.. Water Conservation • Within a period of 40 years, only 4000 check dams had been constructed, while in the last three years alone, over 75,000 of these structures were created. • Due to the construction of check dams, even those areas that face perennial water scarcity have seen an increase in the water table by 3-12 m. • About 500 large check dams have been created across some of the dry rivers in the state. In the Saurashtra region, 100 large check dams have been erected, while work is in progress in other areas. Gujarat Agriculture

8. Gujarat Agriculture at a Glance cont.. The Background cont.. Recent Initiatives undertaken for the Agriculture Sector • Agri-Export Zones for mangoes, vegetables and onions have been set up. • Perishable air cargo complex at the Ahmedabad International Airport is in the process of being set up. • The Agro Industrial Policy is set to support agro export and process agro products. • Testing labs are in the process of being set up with the support of Gujarat Agricultural Universities. • Special efforts are being made to guide farmers to produce quality products and organic products are being encouraged. • Soil Health Cards are being issued to farmers to encourage scientific farming methods. Gujarat Agriculture

9. Gujarat Agriculture at a Glance cont.. The Background cont.. • Recent Initiatives undertaken for the Agriculture Sector • WTO Cell is being established to increase export-related competency of major agricultural commodities. • E-governance is being used for programs intended for the farmers. • Credit, insurance and financial support is being extended to farmers. • Cattle breeding have been encouraged and efforts are being made to produce good quality wool from sheep. • Four centre of excellence : Four Agriculture university Anand Agriculture university, Navsari Agriculture university, Dantivada agriculture university Junagadh Agriculture university. Gujarat Agriculture

10. Achievements : 2004-05 Gujarat Agriculture

11. Achievement 2004-05 Gujarat Agriculture

12. Achievement in Kharif 2004 Gujarat Agriculture

13. Achievement in Rabi 2004-05 Gujarat Agriculture

14. Planning : 2005-06 K : Kharif R: Rabi & summer Gujarat Agriculture

15. Planning 2005-06 Gujarat Agriculture

16. Losses in crops in Gujarat State ……….due to flood in Kharif 2005. Gujarat Agriculture

17. Kharif Campaign -Krushi Mahotsav 2005 • Was a month-long pre-monsoon campaign for encouraging scientific farming practices • Focus on doubling the agricultural income • Covered all the 18,600 villages of the State • Approximately 1 lakh government personnel from 15 Departments involved in the implementation of the program • Participation of about 700 agricultural scientists for the transfer of knowledge from the lab to land for the first time in the country • Was an integrated approach to agriculture to include farming practices, soil and water conservation, and inputs and credit availability with new extension approach Gujarat Agriculture

18. About Krushi Mahotsav – 2005 • The Krushi Mahotsav–2005 was an intensive and unique month-long program. • Focus directly assisting individual farmers including 15 poorest farmers with kits in each village • Take up community based schemes like water conservation program for farmers • Entire program at village level Gujarat Agriculture

19. About Krushi Mahotsav – 2005 cont.. Major Activities of the Program • Soil sampling and issuing of Soil Health Cards • Issuing of Kisan Credit Cards • Organizing Kisan Shibirs • Distribution of agricultural, horticultural, animal husbandry kits to 15 poorest farmers in every village • Water conservation works with includes Check dams, Bori Bandhs, Village ponds, Khet talavadi. • Promotion of drip irrigation systems • Making the e-Gram project operational in selected villages • Promotion of scientific soil and water development activities with the support of BISAG • Animal vaccination • Establishing new Milk Cooperative Societies • Establishing new Credit Co-Operative societies • Creation of new self help groups Gujarat Agriculture

20. About Krushi Mahotsav – 2005 cont.. Major Activities of the Program Cont.. • Easy credit through Bankable scheme • Processing of land transfer documents and Entry Certification by the Revenue Department • Processing of applications for government schemes • Vadi Yojna , Entry certification • Sharat Fer scheme • Manual Distribution • Swachta Abhiyan , Gram Sushoban • Gokul Gram, Jyoti gram, E-Gram, Tirth Gram • Panchvati Scheme, PM sadak yojna • Agri equipment demonstration • Kisan Rath visit • Canal cleaning, Water Supply works, Water shed • Wall slogan, essay competition Gujarat Agriculture

21. Why the Campaign was Special Convergence of Efforts The Krushi Mahotsav pioneered an unprecedented convergence of activities from different departments and agencies. All the key stakeholders, including government personnel, credit and input agencies, agricultural scientists, and NGOs were brought together at the village level before the onset of monsoon for the timely coordination of efforts Gujarat Agriculture

22. Why the Campaign was Special cont.. • Approximately 1 lakh government officials, from the Secretary level to the Talati level worked together. • Active involvement of diverse stakeholders such as elected representatives, elected bodies, people’s organizations, NGOs, government officers, agricultural scientists, successful farmers and the communities and children with entire district administration. • For the synergistic implementation and coordination of activities, more than 15 Government Departments joined : Gujarat Agriculture

23. Why the Campaign was Special cont.. • Benefits to Individual Farmers • No efforts to contact all the farmers directly for agricultural extension in their own village • Events were usually organized at the block level which the farmers were invited to attend. These programs were away from their homesteads, the women were largely excluded from the activities • VLW not able to attend as loaded with multifunction tasks. • The Krushi Mahotsav, conducted in a campaign-mode, for the first time helped bring the critical stakeholders and service providers to the farmers themselves in their own village. • The Mobile Exhibition (rath) traveled to every village, and provided an opportunity for the farmers to interact with the different government personnel and agencies • Even after the rath had passed through the village, the programs planned under the Mahotsav continued to be implemented through the duration of the month. Gujarat Agriculture

24. Why the Campaign was Special cont.. • Micro Level Planning Micro level planning was done for every block and village. Village level reports were prepared on a scientific basis by expert teams during the month-long activities and were handed over to the village itself for future reference. The micro plan that was prepared was based on: • Soil Health analysis of land • Average market price of crops for the last five years of that taluka • Average rainfall pattern in the last 20 years of taluka Gujarat Agriculture

25. Why the Campaign was Special cont.. • Transfer of Knowledge from Lab to Land Information and guidance on topics such as soil health; crop rotation; organic farming; use of fertilizers and pesticides; irrigation; and marketing was imparted directly to the farmers. In fact, as many as 6.5 lakh farmers in the state received individual counseling by agricultural scientists and government personnel. “The advice on agriculture that was provided by the agricultural scientists revealed to us the superior quality of organic fertilizers over chemical fertilizers. With the knowledge that was shared with us, it looks like our income is poised to increase within only two years instead of the estimated five years,” says Mittaldas Narbhoi Maharaj, a farmer in Sisodra village. Gujarat Agriculture

27. The Kisan Rath • Visiting the Villages • A Mobile Exhibition: Tractors and Trucks mounted with hoardings and speakers, and traveled to villages along a pre-determined route. A multi disciplinary team comprising of scientists, horticultural, agricultural official and input organizations etc traveled with the raths • The villages were informed of the rath’s arrival well in advance through Gram Sabha meetings and preparatory activities. School teachers and other members of the community helped in setting up the village and gathering the people to attend the event • In villages where the rath halted for the night, dayros, the local folk-based evenings were organized, where songs on the theme of farmers and agriculture were sung by the people and traditional artists. The dayros also served as a prelude to the arrival of the raths, to inform the communities about the event Gujarat Agriculture

28. The Kisan Rath cont… Highlights • 229 raths covered the entire state and visited each village in Gujarat. • A multi-disciplinary team of scientists, horticulturists and agriculturists was present on each rath. • The raths were a major vehicle for directly promoting scientific farming and improved agricultural practices to the individual farmers within their own villages. • A mobile exhibition equipped with posters and pamphlets along with Region-specific panels on farming, a drip irrigation system, audio-video system to play dayras. Kisan Sabha : • 4 hour halt at a village common ground and a Kisan Sabha was organized. Gujarat Agriculture

29. Activities Undertaken during the Campaign Objectives of Soil Health Cards Soil Sampling and Soil Health Cards • Pave the way for a new approach to extension activities by providing direct advice to farmers. • Facilitate lab to land transfer of knowledge as agricultural scientists got involved at the village level to bridge the gap between actual and potential production. • Provide stability to agriculture through scientific micro level planning. • Soil analysis for all villages in state. • Provide guidance to farmers regarding fertilizer usage and alternative crop patterns • Provide Soil Health Cards to every farmer Gujarat Agriculture

30. Activities Undertaken during the Campaign cont.. Soil Sampling and Soil Health Cards cont.. New Crops Introduced on the Basis of Soil Health • Agricultural crops such as castor, soyabean, tur and sunflower • Horticultural varieties such as cashew, grape, and fig • Spices such as fennel, mint, ajwan and turmeric • Medicinal and aromatic crops such as pamarose, patchouli, aloe vera, ashwagandha, menthe, white muesli and lemon grass. Highlights • In the last three years, 2.05 lakh farmers had been issued Soil Health Cards. • During the Krushi Mahotsav, 9.52 lakh farmers were issued Soil Health Cards, while the Cards for a further 5.45 lakh farmers are being processed. Gujarat Agriculture

31. Activities Undertaken during the Campaign cont.. • Kisan Shibirs, supported by APMC, were held at the block level in every district • About 1.57 Kisan Credit Cards were issued for providing quick and timely credit to farmers for agriculture, horticulture and animal husbandry Kisan Credit Cards Kisan Shibirs • Kisan Shibirs, supported by APMC, were held at the block level in every district • Each shibir was typically attended by around 1000-2000 farmers they provided specific market related guidance. Gujarat Agriculture

32. Activities Undertaken during the Campaign cont.. • The Krushi Mahotsav provided for the distribution of agricultural, horticultural, animal husbandry kits worth upto Rs.1500 each to the 15 poorest families in every village selected in advance by GramSabha. • The kits contained inputs such as seeds, saplings, fertilizers and pesticides • The Monitoring system was designed to keep track of distributed kits along with beneficiary name and details Distribution of Kits Gujarat Agriculture

33. Activities Undertaken during the Campaign cont.. Water Conservation Works • Check Dams, Bori Bandhs, Village Ponds and cleaning of canals to arrest rainwater runoff and preserve soil moisture • The program focused on the creation of Khet talavadis, check dams, Bori Bandhs and village ponds, as well as the cleaning of canals • it was recommended that more than one water harvesting structure erected in every village Gujarat Agriculture

34. Activities Undertaken during the Campaign cont.. Promotion of Drip Irrigation Systems • The systems was demonstrated during the Kisan Rath visits • Applications for the drip irrigation systems were received at village • A special scheme involved for encouraging farmers to take up drip irrigation system. The farmers would contribute 5% of the investment, while 45% of the funds would be made available by way of loans from NABARD. The balance 50% of the investment comprised the subsidy component to be borne by the Gujarat Green Revolution Company 5% 45% 50% Gujarat Agriculture

35. Activities Undertaken during the Campaign cont.. Scientific Basis for Location Identification of Small-Scale Water Harvesting Structures • The Bhaskaracharya Institute for Space Applications and Geo-Informatics (BISAG) is a state-level nodal agency that facilitates the use of spatial and geo-spatial technologies for developmental and planning activities pertaining to agriculture, land and water resource management, wasteland/watershed development, forestry, disaster management, infrastructure and education • It provides a host of services in the fields of satellite communication, remote sensing, geographic information system, software development, and education, research and training Gujarat Agriculture

36. Activities Undertaken during the Campaign cont.. Animal Vaccination • Animal husbandry is essential to the farming system and ensures the survival of families during the lean periods • An intensive animal vaccination program was launched at the Krushi Mahotsav in all the villages, so as to focus on disease management and the rearing of healthy livestock • In addition to vaccinating the livestock, animal health camps were also held Gujarat Agriculture

37. Present Approach District Extension University DAG District Agriculture Officials VLW Contract Farmer Farmer

38. New Approach District Officials TDO Printed Material Village plan Agriculture Horticulture Animal Husbandry Drip Guidance Audio Video visuals Dayra & Folk songs Soil Health Card Farmer in his village Agriculture Equipment Demonstration Personal Discussion Schematic Assistance Agriculture Scientists Technical Guidance Feedback Mobile Exhibition (Kisan Rath)

39. New Approach Individual Beneficiary Scheme Agriculture Kit Animal husbandry kit Entry Certification Horticulture kit Sharat Fer Tree Saplings ShramYogi kit Land Reform Kit Distribution Distribution Animal Vaccination Soil Health Card Healthy Live Stock New sample collection Veterinary Camp Farmer Water Conservation Credit Kisan Credit Card Distribution Khet Talavadi Vadi yojna Drip Irrigation Bankable Scheme

40. New Approach Community Oriented Scheme Deepening of village pond Water Supply work Canal Cleaning Agri Equipment Demonstration PM Sadak Yojna Guidance in Kisan Shibir Gokul gram Optimum Use of Existing Infrastructure Personal Guidance Jyoti gram Guidance by APMC Manual Distribution Village Centric Activities Guidance to farmers Wall Slogan Check Dam Essay Competition Village Pond Awakening the farmers Water Conservation Krushi Songs, Dayra Boribandh Kisan Rath Visit Water Shed Farmers Co-Operatives Self Reliance Environmental Awareness SGRY work start New Milk Co-Op New Credit Co-Op New Self Help Group New Female Milk Co-Op Swachhta Abhiyan Panchvati Scheme Gram Sushobhan

41. Planning, Implementation and Monitoring of the Program Preparatory Activities • Specific assignment of responsibility from VLW to Collector, DDO, Secretaries • Collection of Applications from village level for different schemes • Identification of Kit beneficiaries Gujarat Agriculture

42. Planning, Implementation and Monitoring of the Program cont.. Preparatory Activities cont.. Intranet-Based Computerized Monitoring System • An intranet-based computerized system was established with the help of National Informatics Center (NIC) for the regular monitoring • 36 physical activities for which targets had been set, monitoring was done at three levels – state, district and block. The district and block level reports were entered online and their comparative performance was available on the website. At the state level, there was no data entry, and progress was monitored on a day-to-day basis by the Chief Minister, Secretaries of Departments, Heads of Departments and ministers • Monitoring was done for aspects such as the timely Kisan Rath preparations; identification of beneficiary farmers for kit distribution; meetings organized by agricultural scientists with farmers; the status of the applications for the different government schemes; and the distribution of manuals and other IEC material Gujarat Agriculture

43. Planning, Implementation and Monitoring of the Program cont.. Gram Sabhas Preparatory Activities cont.. • Gram Sabhas were organized in each village to decide and discuss the kit beneficiaries; the location for the construction of water harvesting structures; canal cleaning program; and the applications for Kisan Credit Cards, Bankable Scheme and other government schemes • Discussions were also held on the expenses to be incurred for the different activities Meetings with Different Agencies • Commercial and cooperative banks • Other private organizations • Nabard • NGOs • APMC Gujarat Agriculture

44. Planning, Implementation and Monitoring of the Program cont.. Preparatory Activities cont.. IEC Material • It was important that the farmers were able to access important agricultural related information and guidance even after the Krushi Mahotsav was over • A comprehensive manual, entitled ‘Khedut Margdarshika’ on farming and scientific agricultural practices was prepared and distributed to each village to serve as future reference material • The Department, with the support of the Anand Agriculture University, also prepared a book, ‘Model Action Plan’ that is intended for block and village level use. Several other Gujarati as well as English brochures and material on the event were also published for distribution • Individual government departments also prepared pamphlets, posters and leaflets to generate awareness on their activities • The local level, videos and folk songs (dayros) were prepared • in some villages, people composed their own songs as an impromptu gesture during the village events Gujarat Agriculture

45. Planning, Implementation and Monitoring of the Program cont.. Preparatory Activities cont.. People’s Participation • To ensure that Krushi Mahotsav belonged to the farmers and was not merely a government program, efforts were made in several ways to solicit people’s involvement • Apart from the government personnel, the participation of community-based organizations, cooperative societies, private organizations, inputs agencies, APMC and financial institutions encouraged the farmers to get closely involved in the program • The convergence of efforts of the different stake holders also ensured that the impact of the Mahotsav would be far-reaching, beyond the period of one month Gujarat Agriculture

46. Planning, Implementation and Monitoring of the Program cont.. Preparatory Activities cont.. People’s Participation The people who were involved in making the Krushi Mahotsav a success • Government personnel • NGOs • Agricultural scientists • Banking personnel • APMC members • Members of the Cooperative Societies • Members of the Milk Union • Members of inputs agencies (fertilizers, pesticides, seeds, etc) • Members of agencies involved with publication of IEC material Gujarat Agriculture

48. Activities Undertaken during the Campaign cont.. Individual Beneficiary schemes • Soil Health Card Distribution : 9,52,075 • New Soil Sample Collection : 5,45,609 • Kisan Credit Cards : 1,57,559 • Drip Irrigation : 22,374 • Sharat Fer scheme : 51,977 • Tree saplings : 53,96,738 • Entry Certification : 20849 • Vadi Yojna : 15172 Gujarat Agriculture

49. Activities Undertaken during the Campaign cont.. Community Oriented schemes • New Milk Co-Operative Society : 678 • SGRY Work start : 14,034 • Krushi planning of villages : 18,463 • Water Supply works : 4,443 • New Credit Co-Op society : 478 • Self Help Group : 7,842 • Manual Distribution : 18,089 • Kisan Rath Visit : 18,600 • Canal Cleaning : 2,276 • Agri Equip Demonstration : 21,502 • Guidance by APMC : 2,90,827 Gujarat Agriculture

50. Activities Undertaken during the Campaign cont.. • Gokul Gram : 3,540 Community Oriented schemes • Swachchhta Abhiyan : 20,960 • Jyoti gram : 555 • E-Gram : 5,574 • Tirth Gram : 324 • PM sadak Yojna : 660 • Water Shed : 3,965 • Essay Competition : 14,755 • Wall Slogan : 3,85,924 • Panchvati scheme : 718 • Personal Guidance to Farmers : 27,,97,157 Gujarat Agriculture