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Noninfectious Diseases

Noninfectious Diseases. A disease that is not caused by a virus or a living organism. Risk Factor. CHARACTERISTIC OR BEHAVIOR THAT INCREASES A PERSON’S CHANCE OF GETTING A NONINFECTIOUS DISEASE. RISK FACTORS: EXAMPLES. AGE GENDER RACE DIET. Noninfectious Diseases.

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Noninfectious Diseases

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  1. Noninfectious Diseases A disease that is not caused by a virus or a living organism

  2. Risk Factor CHARACTERISTIC OR BEHAVIOR THAT INCREASES A PERSON’S CHANCE OF GETTING A NONINFECTIOUS DISEASE.

  3. RISK FACTORS: EXAMPLES AGE GENDER RACE DIET

  4. Noninfectious Diseases • Heredity, Environment, & Lifestylecan contribute to the chance of getting some noninfectious diseases. • Disease – any harmful change in the state of health of your body or mind. • Chronic Diseases – diseases that last a long time

  5. Cancer • Cancer is a disease in which cells grow uncontrollably and invade and destroy healthy tissue. • Cells usually multiply in an orderly way…however, when they multiply rapidly and out of control the result is a cancerous tissue called a malignant tumor

  6. Cancer Benignornonmalignant tumorsare not cancerous. If cancerous, the cancer cells may crowd out healthy cells & tissues and in turn the cells die. • Biopsy – is a sample of tissue that is removed and tested from the patient to see if it is cancerous.

  7. Cancer Continued • Cells from the tumor may enter theblood and be carried to other parts of the body, growing and forming new tumors. • Carcinogens:substances from the environment that can cause cancer • Cigarettes, asbestos, and certain radiations are carcinogenic • Smokers are 20 times more likely to get lung cancer than non-smokers • Early detection and treatment can increase the chances for a cure

  8. Warning Signs of Cancer CChange in bowel or bladder habits AAny sore that will not heal UUnusual bleeding or discharge T Thickening or lump I Indigestion or difficulty swallowing OObvious change in a mole, wart or birth mark NNagging cough or hoarseness in throat

  9. Common Types of Cancer Skin Cancer: most common type of cancer • Caused by too much exposure to sunlight Lung Cancer: the No. 1 cause of deaths due to cancer in the Unites States Colon/Rectal Cancer: second most common cancer Breast Cancer: most often seen in women over 50 • 1 in 9 women have breast cancer • 1 in 250 males acquire testicular cancer

  10. Common Types of Cancer Leukemia: causes cancerous white blood cells to interfere with production of healthy white blood cells Lymphoma : cancer of the cells in the lymph system • Spread throughout the body and weaken the immune system Reproductive Organ Cancer: affects both men and women. • Men • Testicular and prostate glands • Women • Ovaries, cervix, and uterus

  11. Treating Cancer After aBIOPSY (or sample of tissue) is found to be cancerous, there are three major cancer treatments that can be utilized: #1 Surgery: removal of cancer cells from body. This method works best on cancer that has not spread to other parts of the body. #2 Chemotherapy: chemicals are used to destroy cancer cells. Used to fight cancer that has spread. #3 Radiation: high-energy rays from radioactive materials are used to shrink or kill cancer cells. This method is usually used in combination with surgery and chemotherapy.

  12. DISEASES OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM Diseases of the nervous system are called: NEUROLOGICAL DISEASES

  13. Multiple Sclerosis • MS is a disease in which the tissue that covers the nerves of the brain and spinal cord is destroyed • Symptoms: (1) loss of muscle control (2) vision or speech impairment (3) may be mild for many years & then suddenly worse • There is no known cure for MS • People often live long & productive lives with MS

  14. Cerebral Palsy • A disorder that affects the part of the brain that controls movement • Sometimes the result of a brain injury that occurred at or before birth • Speech, hearing, sight and voluntary muscles are affected • No known cure

  15. Respiratory Diseases • Respiratory Conditions: diseases of the lungs and bronchial tubes • Affect the supply of oxygen to the body • ASTHMA: the lining of the airways in the lungs becomes narrow…which makes breathing difficult. • Asthma may be triggered by cold weather, stress or may be exercise induced.

  16. Chronic Bronchitis • A disease of the BRONCHIAL TUBES in the lungs • The mucous membranes lining these tubes become irritated and inflamed • Inflammation destroys cilia that help sweep dirt and irritants away • Frequent coughing is the main symptom

  17. Cardiovascular Disease Diseases of the HEART and BLOOD VESSELS are known as cardiovascular diseases! Leading cause of death in the United States each year!

  18. Heart Disease • TWO different types of C-V diseases occur in the heart: • Rheumatic fever: damage to the heart valves; doesn’t pump blood efficiently. • Congenital heart disease:heart has not formed properly at birth

  19. Hypertension: high blood pressure which can damage arteries Worsens:stress, too much salt, too little exercise, use of tobacco,or being overweight ATHEROSCLEROSIS:known as coronary artery disease, which is the hardening of the arteries Blood vessels may become blocked by deposits of fat and minerals (atheromas) Person’s heart has to work harder to pump blood through the narrow vessels Cholesterol is a factor in building up hard deposits LDL cholesterol is BAD HDL cholesterol is GOOD Heart Disease Continued

  20. Prevention of C - V • Maintain proper weight • Exercise regularly • Do not use tobacco products • Avoid foods high in saturated fats, salt, and cholesterol • Manage stress with rest and play • Have blood pressure checked at least once a year

  21. PREVENTION

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