Matter and Properties

Matter and Properties Chapter 11 5th grade science

Elements • __________ - anything that takes up space and has mass. • __________ - basic building blocks of matter • Elements combine to form other kinds of ______ • Elements can not be broken down into smaller pieces by either _________ or ________ processes. Matter elements Matter chemical physical

Properties of Matter • Each element has its own set of ________ and __________ properties. • Properties are used to identify _________ • _____________ - materials change into other materials. • ______________ - can be measured without changing the material. physical chemical elements Chemical properties Physical properties

Physical Properties • ________ • _______ • _______ • ______ • _______ • _______ • Physical properties can be observed, described and measured using: • ______ -_________________ • ___________ -____________ color odor mass volume texture hardness Rulers Scales and balances microscopes thermometers

Metals • More than 75% of the Earths elements are _______ • Metals have ____________ of : • ___________ • ___________ • _________________ • _________________ metals Physical properties Luster (shine) bendable Conduct heat energy Conduct electricity

Weight and Mass • ______ - measure of the pull on gravity on an object • Weight changes when the pull of _______ changes. • _____ - the amount of matter in an object • The amount of ______ affects the ________ of an object • ______and _______ are NOT the same weight gravity mass mass weight mass weight

Volume • Mass is measured in _______, ________, or ________ • _______ - the amount of space that an objects takes up • Volume is measured in _________ • The formula for finding the volume of a box is: • ____________________________________ milligrams grams kilograms volume Cubic units Volume(V) = Length (L) x Width (W) x Height (H)

Density • ______ - a measure of the amount of matter in a given volume. • The formula for finding _______ is ______ divided by ________ or D=M/V. • The unit of measurement for density is ________________ • Density is a _______ property of a substance. • Density is the ______ no matter how much of the substance is measured. density Density (D) Mass (M) Volume (V) Cubic centimeters (cm³) Physical same

Buoyancy • An object is __________ if it __________. • _____________ depends on ___________ • If the objects ______ is _________ the liquid’s __________, the object will _______. • Ocean water has dissolved salt in it, therefore ocean water is ___________ than fresh water. • Lesson Checkpoint page 347 (1 and 2) buoyant floats buoyancy density density Less than density float More dense

Atoms • ______ - the smallest particle of an element that still has the properties of the element. • Atoms are too small to be seen even with a __________. • The properties of an element determine how an element can _______with other elements. • _________ - the center of an atom atom microscope combine nucleus

Parts of an atom • The nucleus has both the _______ and ______ • ________ - has no electrical charge • ________ - has a positive charge • ________ - have a negative charge and move around the ________ and _________ • Electrons may ____or ______ electrons or be ________ between ______ • Elements are organized in the _____________ neutrons protons neutron proton electrons neutrons protons join leave shared atoms Periodic Table

Periodic Table • Elements are arranged in each _____ according to the number of _______ • ______atoms are on the ________ side of each row. • The _________ of the table are arranged so that the elements of each column have similar _______________ • ___________ - last column on the right row protons larger right columns Chemical properties Noble Gases

Molecules • Every element has a symbol of one, two, or three ______ • ___________ - the smallest particle of a substance that has the properties of that substance. • In some molecules , atoms _____ electrons – these atoms are _________ together. • ____ is a mixture of several different molecules of gases – Nitrogen, Oxygen, Carb letters Molecule share bonded air

Compounds • __________ - type of matter made up of _________ of elements • Every ________ of a _________ has the same combination of _________ • Every water ________ has the same three ____ • ___________of compounds are different than the properties of the ________ that make them up compounds combination molecule compound elements molecule atoms properties elements

Phases of Matter • Phases of matter include: ________, ________, ____, and _________ • The phase of matter is due to the _______ and __________ of its particles. • State of matter = _____________ solid gas plasma liquid motion arrangement Physical property

Solids / Liquids • Solids have a definite __________ and ___________ • The particles of a solid ________ in place. • Particles of solids are _______________ • __________ do not have their own ______ - they take on the shape of their container • Particles in liquids can ______ and _______ past each other • Liquids have a definite __________ shape volume vibrate Very close together liquids shape move flow volume

Freezing and Melting • ____________ and ___________ are physical properties • A material _________ at the same temperature that it ______ • Freezing point is _________ for different materials. • __________ does not change for any particular material unless something is added to it. Freezing point Melting point Freezes melts different Freezing point

Properties of Freezing and Melting • Materials change _____ when they change ____________ • The ______a material gets, the _______ its particles move. • When materials are heated they ________ - particles move further apart. • When materials are cooled, they ________ and have less space between the particles size temperatures hotter faster expand contract

Gases • Particles of gases are __________ • Gases in a container will spread out to ___ the container • Gases do not have a definite _______ or _______ • ____________ - temperature at which a liquid becomes a gas - ____________ • Boiling point for a substance does not change Far apart fill shape volume Boiling point Physical property

Plasma • No definite shape or volume • Some properties of gases • Particles that make up plasma have electrical charges – plasma ______________ • Plasmas are found in: • _________ • _____ • ______________ Conducts electricity Lightning fire Fluorescent lights

Condensation • __________ - gas changes to a liquid • Condensation occurs when gases are _______ • Particles ___________ and begin to _______ each other to form ___________ condensation cooled Slow down attract droplets

Mixtures and Solutions • ________ - materials that are placed together but are not bonded to form a ________ • Materials in a mixture keep their own _________ • Materials in mixtures can be ________ because they have different properties. • ________ - a mixture in which substances are spread out evenly and will not settle mixture compound properties separated solution

Solute / Solvent • _______ - the substance in a solution that __________ • ________ - the substance in which the solute is being dissolved. • Water = _______________ • When particles of a ________ dissolve, individual particles spread throughout the ________ solute dissolves solvent Universal Solvent solute solvent

Solubility • Two liquids can make a ________ • A _____ can dissolve in a liquid – example dissolved oxygen in the river and creek water that we tested!!! • _________ - a property of a substance that indicates how much of a substance can be dissolved by a ________ at a certain ____________. solution gas solubility solvent temperature

Saturated / Concentrated / Dilute • _________ - a solution that contains all the solute that can be dissolved without changing the __________ • _________ - solution has so much solute that it is relatively close to being _________ • _________ - solution is far from being ________ saturated temperature concentration saturated dilute saturated

Matter and Properties