Dr Andreas Koch

1. 1 Dr Andreas Koch

2. 2 Materialy cementowe w procesie dostarczania wody do spozycia materialy cementowe w zaopatrzeniu w wode do spozycia stosuje sie od ponad 100 lat Na przyklad: budynki stacji filtrów, zbiorniki, stacje uzdatniania, zbiorniki rezerwowe, rury odprowadzajace stacji pomp, okladziny z zaprawy cementowej wewnatrz rur zeliwnych i stalowych .. . .. .

3. 3 . . . .... . . . . .... .

4. 4 Norma techniczna DVGW W 347 pierwsze wydanie pazdziernik 1999 wdrozenie norm europejskich dla cementu, kruszywa, dodatków, etc. nowe dane AHG 6 „Wplyw wyrobów cementowych na wode przeznaczona do spozycia przez ludzi" z WG 3 z CEN/TC 164 „zaopatrzenie w wode” w roku 2002 rozpoczeto przeglad arkusza roboczego DVGW W 347 w celu dostosowania go do biezacego stanu wiedzy oraz stosownych norm europejskich obowiazujace wydanie: maj 2006 .. w roku 2002 rozpoczeto przeglad arkusza roboczego. . .. w roku 2002 rozpoczeto przeglad arkusza roboczego. .

5. 5 In this picture and also in the next slide there are the requirements summarized which are laid down in the DVGW working sheet W 347. As you can see we have four areas of application. Area I is used for: Cement mortar linings for cast iron and steel. Area II is for: Concrete pipes > DN 300 mm, concrete tanks and cement mortar for tank linings Area III is for Tile adhesives, pointing mortars, cement mortar linings for pipe fittings, repair mortars, e.g. for welded seams Area IV is for Concrete components in drinking water protection zones. Only selected cements aggregates and additions may be used, which correspond in the here mentioned DIN standards. The use of high alumina cement should within the range of the drinking water distribution to be avoided in Germany. With high aluminia cement manufactured products can release high amounts of aluminum. In particular with fresh mortar-lined casting and steel pipes with small diameters the aluminium concentration in the drinking water can for a certain time excesses the limit value for aluminium in the drinking water ordinance of 0.2 mg Al/l. The preferred mixing water is drinking water. Please note that organic additives cant used for the manufacturing of Cement mortar linings for cast iron and steel.In this picture and also in the next slide there are the requirements summarized which are laid down in the DVGW working sheet W 347. As you can see we have four areas of application. Area I is used for: Cement mortar linings for cast iron and steel. Area II is for: Concrete pipes > DN 300 mm, concrete tanks and cement mortar for tank linings Area III is for Tile adhesives, pointing mortars, cement mortar linings for pipe fittings, repair mortars, e.g. for welded seams Area IV is for Concrete components in drinking water protection zones. Only selected cements aggregates and additions may be used, which correspond in the here mentioned DIN standards. The use of high alumina cement should within the range of the drinking water distribution to be avoided in Germany. With high aluminia cement manufactured products can release high amounts of aluminum. In particular with fresh mortar-lined casting and steel pipes with small diameters the aluminium concentration in the drinking water can for a certain time excesses the limit value for aluminium in the drinking water ordinance of 0.2 mg Al/l. The preferred mixing water is drinking water. Please note that organic additives cant used for the manufacturing of Cement mortar linings for cast iron and steel.

6. 6 Also no admixtures, pigments, fibres and auxiliary agents should be used for cement mortar pipes for area I. As you can see in the lines of the table we have numerous restrictions in the use of admixtures, pigments, fibres and auxiliary agents for the different areas of applications. The numbers in the squared brackets refers to substances listed in the positive list in annex A of the working sheet W 347. The conformity of the concrete or mortar mixture with the requirements laid down in the working sheet does not mean that the materials should not be tested. It has to be keep in mind that the conformity of the formulation with the positive list of DVGW W 347 is a precedent condition for the following laboratory test.Also no admixtures, pigments, fibres and auxiliary agents should be used for cement mortar pipes for area I. As you can see in the lines of the table we have numerous restrictions in the use of admixtures, pigments, fibres and auxiliary agents for the different areas of applications. The numbers in the squared brackets refers to substances listed in the positive list in annex A of the working sheet W 347. The conformity of the concrete or mortar mixture with the requirements laid down in the working sheet does not mean that the materials should not be tested. It has to be keep in mind that the conformity of the formulation with the positive list of DVGW W 347 is a precedent condition for the following laboratory test.

7. 7 Norma techniczna DVGW W 347 For factory-made cementitious products, for example concrete pipes or cement mortar linings for cast and iron pipes, exists the possibility, to confirm the hygienic suitability of the finished product on the basis of examinations of pipe segments or drill cores. A condition for it is that the product is always manufactured with the same materials, for example always with the same cement, the same aggregate and so on. If pipes will be manufactured with the same material and the same processing conditions but with different internal diameters it is sufficient to test the pipe with the smallest diameter. With this approach it is assumed that pipes with larger diameters, due to the bigger surfaces/volume ratios meet also the requirements. For factory-made cementitious products, for example concrete pipes or cement mortar linings for cast and iron pipes, exists the possibility, to confirm the hygienic suitability of the finished product on the basis of examinations of pipe segments or drill cores. A condition for it is that the product is always manufactured with the same materials, for example always with the same cement, the same aggregate and so on. If pipes will be manufactured with the same material and the same processing conditions but with different internal diameters it is sufficient to test the pipe with the smallest diameter. With this approach it is assumed that pipes with larger diameters, due to the bigger surfaces/volume ratios meet also the requirements.

8. 8 Norma techniczna DVGW W 347 Wymagania higieniczne dla materialów kontaktujacych sie z woda do spozycia The testing and assessment of the finished product before it is used in practice for example during the construction of drinking water reservoirs is difficult. In such cases the water hygienic suitability of the manufactured product should be confirmed by the tested constituents. The suitability of the particular constituents (cement, aggregate, addition, admixture) has to be proved by basic tests on standard mortar or a standard concrete described in the DVGW paper W 347 at the maximum dosage envisaged (inwisitsched) for use in the drinking water sector. Constituents which have passed the basic tests can be used in combinations without any further proof. The assumption is that the final product fulfills the hygienic requirements, if all constituents (cement, aggregate, addition, admixture etc.) fulfills the requirements of the DVGW working sheet W 347. If all constituents have the appropriate test certificates, then no examination of the finished product is necessarily.The testing and assessment of the finished product before it is used in practice for example during the construction of drinking water reservoirs is difficult. In such cases the water hygienic suitability of the manufactured product should be confirmed by the tested constituents. The suitability of the particular constituents (cement, aggregate, addition, admixture) has to be proved by basic tests on standard mortar or a standard concrete described in the DVGW paper W 347 at the maximum dosage envisaged (inwisitsched) for use in the drinking water sector. Constituents which have passed the basic tests can be used in combinations without any further proof. The assumption is that the final product fulfills the hygienic requirements, if all constituents (cement, aggregate, addition, admixture etc.) fulfills the requirements of the DVGW working sheet W 347. If all constituents have the appropriate test certificates, then no examination of the finished product is necessarily.

9. 9 Norma techniczna DVGW W 347 Here a short overview about the procedure of the laboratory test according to W 347. We prefer to get the test pieces from the manufacturer. Normaly we get standard prisms 4 cm to 4 cm to 16 cm. It is important that the manufactures don‘t use formwork oils because the residual oil on the surface of the prisms can have an influence to the TOC concentration and the odour of the test water. The test pieces should be stored according to DIN EN 196-1. The maximum storage time is 28 days. The last 8 days of the storage time are used for the preconditioning of the test pieces. Therefore it is necessary that the manufacturer consult the laboratory about the date of delivering of the test pieces. After the preconditioning step the migration step follows. The test cycle is the same like the cold water test in the UBA guideline but the test water differs. For organic materials we use demineralized water and for cementitious materials we use the test water according to DIN EN 14944-1. For your information the composition of the test water according to the european standard is equal to a well known mineral water it is called EVIAN. By the way, the convener of the AHG6 „cementitious materials“ came from France. If the formulation of the cementitious product contains organic constituents the odour test should be done with reference water which contains 1 mg/l free chlorine. Also the test according to DVGW working sheet W 270 should be done.Here a short overview about the procedure of the laboratory test according to W 347. We prefer to get the test pieces from the manufacturer. Normaly we get standard prisms 4 cm to 4 cm to 16 cm. It is important that the manufactures don‘t use formwork oils because the residual oil on the surface of the prisms can have an influence to the TOC concentration and the odour of the test water. The test pieces should be stored according to DIN EN 196-1. The maximum storage time is 28 days. The last 8 days of the storage time are used for the preconditioning of the test pieces. Therefore it is necessary that the manufacturer consult the laboratory about the date of delivering of the test pieces. After the preconditioning step the migration step follows. The test cycle is the same like the cold water test in the UBA guideline but the test water differs. For organic materials we use demineralized water and for cementitious materials we use the test water according to DIN EN 14944-1. For your information the composition of the test water according to the european standard is equal to a well known mineral water it is called EVIAN. By the way, the convener of the AHG6 „cementitious materials“ came from France. If the formulation of the cementitious product contains organic constituents the odour test should be done with reference water which contains 1 mg/l free chlorine. Also the test according to DVGW working sheet W 270 should be done.

10. 10 Przygotowanie The preconditioning step is used for the carbonatisation of the cementitious material. Therefore a preconditioning water will prepared by dissolving 222 mg calcium chloride (CaCl2), 336 mg sodium hydrogen-carbonate (NaHCO3) in one litre of demineralised water.  The pH is adjusted to pH 7,4 by bubbling air and/or CO2 into the solution. The test pieces are subjected to a specified preconditioning procedure where the surface which is exposed in practice to drinking water intended is brought into contact with preconditioning water during five sequential periods: three periods of 24 hours, 1 period of 72 hours and a final period of 24 hours. The preconditioned test piece is then brought into contact with test water. Przygotowanie The preconditioning step is used for the carbonatisation of the cementitious material. Therefore a preconditioning water will prepared by dissolving 222 mg calcium chloride (CaCl2), 336 mg sodium hydrogen-carbonate (NaHCO3) in one litre of demineralised water.

11. 11 If the cementitious material doesn‘t contain any organic constituent then the test will be done according to the left flow-chart. The test pieces will immersed with the test water 3 times for 72 hours each. The composition of the reference water is shown here: The three test waters will analyzed with regard to the parameters: Odour Colour, Turbidity, TOC concentration and selected metals. In the case that the test piece contains organic constituents then the odour test has to be carried out with test water that contains 1mg/l free chlorine in addition. The reason for the chlorination of the reference water is to determine possible migrating substances which reacts with the chlorine to strong smelling compounds for example chlorophenols. These substances can affect the drinking water quality in practice when it will be disinfected with chlorine.If the cementitious material doesn‘t contain any organic constituent then the test will be done according to the left flow-chart. The test pieces will immersed with the test water 3 times for 72 hours each. The composition of the reference water is shown here: The three test waters will analyzed with regard to the parameters: Odour Colour, Turbidity, TOC concentration and selected metals. In the case that the test piece contains organic constituents then the odour test has to be carried out with test water that contains 1mg/l free chlorine in addition. The reason for the chlorination of the reference water is to determine possible migrating substances which reacts with the chlorine to strong smelling compounds for example chlorophenols. These substances can affect the drinking water quality in practice when it will be disinfected with chlorine.

12. 12 Here are the parameters and the limit values tabulated depending from the different areas of application. No change of the test water should be observed with regard to the parameter outer behaviour under the given test conditions. This includes the parameters Odour, Colour and Turbidity. The limit values for the parameters total organic carbon (TOC) and the metals are expressed in migration rates. Therefore the measured concentration in the test water fractions has to be converted also in migration rates with regard to the specified S/V ratio and the contact time of three days. The metals should only be determined in the test water if the applicant can‘t confirm that the residual content of these metals in the cement are lower than the specified limit values laid down in the working sheet W 347. Testing of Lithium release is only neccessary if Lithium-admixtures are used in the formulation. Lithium admixtures as well as organic additives and admixtures are not allowed for cement mortar linings for cast iron and steel pipes pipes. Therefore the testing of enhancmend of microbial growth is not necessary for this field of application.Here are the parameters and the limit values tabulated depending from the different areas of application. No change of the test water should be observed with regard to the parameter outer behaviour under the given test conditions. This includes the parameters Odour, Colour and Turbidity. The limit values for the parameters total organic carbon (TOC) and the metals are expressed in migration rates. Therefore the measured concentration in the test water fractions has to be converted also in migration rates with regard to the specified S/V ratio and the contact time of three days. The metals should only be determined in the test water if the applicant can‘t confirm that the residual content of these metals in the cement are lower than the specified limit values laid down in the working sheet W 347. Testing of Lithium release is only neccessary if Lithium-admixtures are used in the formulation. Lithium admixtures as well as organic additives and admixtures are not allowed for cement mortar linings for cast iron and steel pipes pipes. Therefore the testing of enhancmend of microbial growth is not necessary for this field of application.

13. 13 Lista pozytywna (zalacznik A): substancje ocenione toksykologicznie A1 Dodatki nieorganiczne A2 Dodatki organiczne A3 Domieszki - skladniki nieorganiczne A4 Domieszki – skladniki organiczne A5 Pigmenty A6 Wlókna A7 Czynniki dodatkowe A8 Czynniki dodatkowe w dodatkach, domieszki Norma robocza DVGW W 347 The numbers in the squared brackets refers to substances listed in the positive list in annex A of the working sheet W 347. The constituents are classified in 8 groups at all. I want to give you a short overview: A1: includes for example: Coal fly ash, Silica fume A2: Dispersions A3: Aluminates and Carbonate A4: Melamine sulphonates, Cellulose ether A5: pigments of defined purity A6: fibres of defined purity A7: paraffin A8: preserving agents for additives and admixtures < 0,5 mass procent of additive or admixtureThe numbers in the squared brackets refers to substances listed in the positive list in annex A of the working sheet W 347. The constituents are classified in 8 groups at all. I want to give you a short overview: A1: includes for example: Coal fly ash, Silica fume A2: Dispersions A3: Aluminates and Carbonate A4: Melamine sulphonates, Cellulose ether A5: pigments of defined purity A6: fibres of defined purity A7: paraffin A8: preserving agents for additives and admixtures < 0,5 mass procent of additive or admixture