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Food Security in Haiti and Global Environmental Change

Food Security in Haiti and Global Environmental Change. Perspectives from Université Quisqueya. GEC. Climate change (increase of CO2 and other greenhouse gases lead to an increase in temperature, changes in rainfall pattern and water demand)

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Food Security in Haiti and Global Environmental Change

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  1. Food Security in Haiti and Global Environmental Change Perspectives from Université Quisqueya

  2. GEC • Climate change (increase of CO2 and other greenhouse gases lead to an increase in temperature, changes in rainfall pattern and water demand) • Studies related to global environmental change stated that the tropical regions (such as Africa and Latin America) will suffer more from the negative impact of Global Environmental Change.

  3. Assumption, • The more vulnerable is a country, the poorer it will become over years. • The poorer is a country, the greater will be the impacts of GEC on its food system.

  4. Food Availability • Production • May decrease due to • Change in rainfall pattern • Shortening of rainy season • Increasing rain intensity • Flooding of low land areas • Increasing erosion phenomena • Severe droughts • Tendency to soil salinization ( saltiness) • Water scarcity

  5. Food Availability • This is in harmony with the Ministry of Environment 2001 Report on climate change This first Haitian report on climate change (based on simulations performed on three crops with the MAGICC-SCENGEN software) reveals that by year 2030 and year 2060:

  6. Food Availability • Production • White potato yield will decrease (even in mountainous areas). • Rice yield will decrease due to a shortening of the growing season linked to a reduction of all the other phenological phases. • Corn yield will decrease because of a shortening of some important phenological phases

  7. Food Availability • Distribution • may be interrupted during the rainy season due to the destruction of some vital infrastructures (roads, bridges…) • This will hamper food circulation between Port-au-Princeand the countryside.

  8. Food Availability • Exchange • Importation will increase

  9. Food Access • Affordability •  purchasing power • decrease in agricultural yields • Frequent disasters (flood and drought) • Inflation (increase of food prices) • food unavailability

  10. Food Access • Allocation •  % of the income allocated to food •  % income allocated to entertainment, education, health

  11. Food Access • Preference no strong preference

  12. Food Utilization • Nutritional value • Will decrease. • More glucide than protein

  13. Food Utilization • Social value Poverty will increase

  14. Food Utilization • Food safety • Decrease as a result of • Increase external food dependency

  15. All these will vary with the adaptation capacity • Use of new crops and/or new varieties more adapted to new environmental conditions • Adjustment of planting date

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