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Industrial Revolution. Definitions. Industrial Revolution: Large increase in the amount of machine produced goods. Enclosure: landowners fence off large tracts of land for their own use forcing farmers off. Capital: money used for investing
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Definitions • Industrial Revolution: Large increase in the amount of machine produced goods. • Enclosure: landowners fence off large tracts of land for their own use forcing farmers off. • Capital: money used for investing • Entrepreneurs: wealthy people looking to invest money and make profits. • Cottage industry: people working in their homes.
Contributing Factors to Industrialization in Britain • Increased supply of food. More people fed at lower prices. • Increase of population. • Ready supply of capital • Plentiful natural resources such as coal, iron, rivers, harbors • A free society that was not regulated. • A ready market in their empire
The Textile Industry • Textiles: cloth products produced through spinning and weaving • Was a cottage industry • Machines such as the spinning jenny and, flying shuttle, and water powered loom used water power to power machines.
Spinning Jenny • One person could do the work of 3000 people
Power Loom • Water or steam power allowed this machine to greatly increase cloth production.
Coal and Iron • Natural resources: useful materials found in nature. Not man made. • Britain had large amounts of coal and iron. • Iron used to make machines, steam engines, locomotives, and railroad tracks.
Railroads • Improvement over roads and canals. • Caused a “ripple effect” • Building created more jobs • Goods were cheaper • Created more sales • Created need for factories to increase production • Raw materials brought in by railroads and finished products shipped out by railroads. • More railroads were needed that created . . .
Factories • Early factories situated near water power. • Staffed by farm workers who migrated to cities to find work • Used child and women workers (less wages) • Harsh conditions.
