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Feb. 8, 2019 Congressional Elections and Incumbency Advantages. Campaigns & Elections Objective : Be able to understand how US congressional elections work and the influence incumbency has on elections
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Feb. 8, 2019Congressional Elections and Incumbency Advantages Campaigns & Elections Objective: Be able to understand how US congressional elections work and the influence incumbency has on elections http://www.rasmussenreports.com/public_content/political_commentary/commentary_by_larry_j_sabato/how_midterms_do_and_do_not_differ_from_presidential_elections
Factors affecting outcomes of congressional elections A. Incumbency: The greatest influence • “Permanent congress”- (Dicks, Dingell, Byrd)
Advantages of Incumbents: • Name • Franking Privilege: (Derek Kilmer mailer) • Staff • Pork barrel • Money • Patronage • Weak opponents • Gerrymandering (safe seats)
Factors affecting congressional elections… B. Type of Election • Incumbent campaigns: • Open seat campaigns: • House or Senate • Midterm elections: • Lightning Rod • Coattail Effect • Older, whiter, more educatedpresidential
Factors affect…congressional elections C. Media (Taliban Dan, Joni Ernst) D. Issues E. Technology: F. Party affiliation
III. Incumbency advantages Gerrymandering: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Mky11UJb9AY__ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bGLRJ12uqmk • Reapportionment-10 years (http://app.leg.wa.gov/districtfinder/) • Boundaries redrawn • WA State: • Packing vs. Cracking Effects of Gerrymandering: • “Safe” seats • Party in power STAYS • Strangely-shaped districts • Baker v. Carr, 1962-”one man, one vote” • Wesberry v. Sanders, 1964 • Shaw v. Reno, 1993 • Miller v. Johnson, 1995
Gerrymandering: Supreme Court • District linesequal population • District linescontiguous • Cannot dilute racial minority voting • “Communities of interest”