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China and the New Imperialism. By: Melissa Dowell. The Trade Issue. Chinese rulers placed strict limits on foreign traders. Restricted to a small area around Guangzhou. Chinese sold silk, porcelain and tea for gold and silver. Balance of trade- exports more than imports.
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China and the New Imperialism By: Melissa Dowell
The Trade Issue • Chinese rulers placed strict limits on foreign traders. • Restricted to a small area around Guangzhou. • Chinese sold silk, porcelain and tea for gold and silver. • Balance of trade- exports more than imports. • Trade deficit- buy more from a country then they sold them.
The Opium war • Late 1700s British merchants found they made huge profit from opium grew in India. • Many Chinese got addicted to the drug. This disrupted the economy. • Chinese government executed drug dealers. • Chinese were defeated when they attacked British merchants. Their weapons were outdated.
Unequal Treaties • 1842, Britain made China accept the Treaty of Nanjing (give up rights to western powers). • Indemnity-payment for losses in the war. • China-forced to open 5 ports to foreign trade. • Extraterritoriality-the right to live under their own laws and be tried in their own courts. • Finally, the treaty included a “most favored nation clause.” • It said that if the Chinese granted rights to another nation, Britain would automatically receive the same rights. Treaty of Nanjing signature page.
Internal Pressures • By the 1800s, the Qing dynasty was in decline. • As the poverty and misery increased, the peasants started to rebel. • This was called the Taiping Rebellion. • It was the most devastating peasant revolt in history. The leader was schoolteacher Hong Xiuquan. • The Taiping rebels gained control of large parts of China. It also almost toppled the Qing dynasty. • An estimated 20-30 million deaths.
