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Commercial Aviation Safety Team (CAST) Jay J. Pardee June 2002 Phoenix, AZ.

FAA. Commercial Aviation Safety Team (CAST) Jay J. Pardee June 2002 Phoenix, AZ. 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference. FAA. Agenda. Brief update on CAST progress Introduction to “JIMDAT” prioritization activity Challenges to implementation.

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Commercial Aviation Safety Team (CAST) Jay J. Pardee June 2002 Phoenix, AZ.

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  1. FAA Commercial AviationSafety Team (CAST)Jay J. PardeeJune 2002Phoenix, AZ. 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  2. FAA Agenda • Brief update on CAST progress • Introduction to “JIMDAT” prioritization activity • Challenges to implementation. 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  3. Commercial Aviation Safety Team (CAST) Industry Government AIA Airbus ALPA APA ATA NACA Boeing P&W* RAA FSF IATA AAPA ATAC • DOD • FAA • Aircraft Certification • Flight Standards • System Safety • Air Traffic Operations • Research • NASA • ICAO • JAA • TCC • NATCA Commercial Aviation Safety Team (CAST) *Representing GE and RR

  4. Commercial Aviation Safety Team (CAST) CAST • Data analyses Joint Safety Analysis Teams (JSAT) • Safety enhancement development Joint Safety Implementation Teams (JSIT) • Master safety plan • Enhancement effectiveness • Future areas of study Joint Implementation Measurement Data Analysis Team (JIMDAT) 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  5. FAA What is CAST About? • Goal • Reduce the U.S. commercial aviation fatal accident rate by 80% by 2007. • Work together with airlines, JAA, ICAO, IATA, FSF, IFALPA, other international organizations and appropriate regulatory/ government authorities to reduce worldwide commercial aviation fatal accident rate. 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  6. Commercial Aviation Safety Team (CAST) COMMERCIAL AVIATION Controlled Flight GENERAL AVIATION Into Terrain CABIN SAFETY Aeronautical Loss of Control Decisionmaking Passenger Interference Loss of Control Uncontained Engine Failures Weather Passenger Seat Belt Use Runway Incursion Controlled Flight Carry-on Baggage Into Terrain Approach and Landing Child Restraint Survivability Weather Turbulence Runway Incursions HUMAN FACTORS IMPROVED DATA IN OPERATIONS & & ANALYSIS MAINTENANCE

  7. FAA • CFIT & ALAR • JSAT & JSIT activity completed • Enhancements (primarily operational) implemented or implementation underway • UEF – Hi energy rotating part inspections implemented • LOC, Runway Incursion, Turbulence • JSATs completed • JSITs nearing completion • Enhancements defined and proposed to CAST • Many proposed enhancements may involve significant aircraft/equipment upgrades • 84 possible safety enhancements identified • 25 completed or in implementation phase 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  8. Completed Safety Enhancements 1. CFIT TAWS 2. CFIT SOPs 3. CFIT PAI-Vertical angles. 4. CFIT MSAW 5. CFIT Proactive Safety Programs (FOQA + ASAP) 6. CFIT CRM Training 7. CFIT Prevention training. 8. CFIT ATC CFIT training.

  9. Completed Safety Enhancements (cont’d) 9. ALAR (Safety Culture)-CEO and DOS more visible 10. ALAR (Safety Culture)-Safety info in manuals. 11. ALAR (Safety Culture)-AFM database for inspectors. 12. ALAR Maintenance Procedures-Servicing landing struts. 13. ALAR Maintenance Procedures-Subcontractor maintenance guidance. 14. ALAR Maintenance Procedures-Policy on MEL (Covers Reocurring maintenance events). 15. ALAR Maintenance Procedures-DOS internal survey. 16. UEF (Uncontained Engine Failures).

  10. FAA Sharpening Our Focus • Predict 38% risk reduction for 25 safety enhancements completed or in implementation phase. • All 84 safety enhancements are valuable • Some safety enhancements are more effective than others across the various accident categories • Implementation reality demands better prioritization 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  11. FAA Developed a Prioritization Methodology (JIMDAT) • Identified the most effective solutions derived from all accident categories. • Considered effectiveness vs. resources • Tested solutions against all fatal and hull loss accidents, U. S. domestic Part 121 Operations, 1987-2001. • Created draft Master strategic Safety plan. • Identified areas for future study/mitigation. 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  12. JIMDAT Process FAA • Provides consistent estimates of the accident prevention potential of safety enhancements • Accounts for the benefit of a single intervention or a combined group of interventions • Addresses overlap with other interventions/technologies • Preserves analysis criteria and results 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  13. FAA Using JIMDAT for CAST Plan Development • Risk reduction is primary measure • Identified effectiveness and associated resource requirements for each enhancement • Scatter chart(s) used for initial differentiation (2007 and 2020) 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  14. Output Evaluation Spreadsheet Example

  15. FAA Example Scatter Chart 2007 Implementation & Resources 25 20 Dollars In Millions 15 10 Combined Score 5 Combined SOPs 0 0.0 2.0 4.0 6.0 8.0 10.0 12.0 14.0 16.0 18.0 20.0 Score 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  16. Resource Cost Vs. Risk Reduction 80% 10000 Proposed PLAN 9000 70% Risk Reduction Total Cost in $ (Millions) 8000 60% 7000 50% 6000 Risk Eliminated by Safety Enhancements 40% 5000 Resource Cost ($ Millions) 2007 2020 4000 30% 3000 20% 2000 10% 1000 0% 0 All JSIT Proposed Enhancements (2020 Implementation Level) Completed Completed and Committed Completed + Plan (2020 Implementation Level) Completed + Plan (2007 Implementation Level)

  17. FAA PLAN Portion of Total Risk From Hull Loss/ Fatal /Security Accidents Mitigated (2020 Implementation Values) 100% 90% Risk Eliminated 80% Remaining Risk 70% 60% Portion of Risk 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% CFIT Total LOC FLT LOC GND Security Evacuation Turbulence Midair Collision Fire/Explosion Runway Collision crew Incapacitation Uncontained Engine Burst Castestrophic Sys/Comp Failure 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  18. FAA Completed Draft Integrated Strategic Safety Plan • Contains 30 safety solutions optimized to include those actions with the best effectiveness vs. resource relationships. • Potential accident risk reduction of 65% (2007) • Combines short-term “liveware” based solutions initially with transition to design change solutions long-term. 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  19. FAA Draft Plan Elements 23. ALAR Flight Crew Training 31. LOC Training - Advanced Maneuvers -Implement ground and flight training 28. LOC Policies and Procedures - Policies - Process to inform personnel/flight crew 27. LOC Policies and Procedures - Risk Assessments and Management 29. LOC Policies and Procedures - Policies -Flight crew proficiency program 24. ALAR Aircraft Design- Continuing Airworthiness 44. RI Visual Aids Enhancement and Automation Technology- Airports -Runway occupancy signal 25. ALAR Aircraft Design- Critical System Maintenance 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  20. FAA Draft Plan Elements 7. CFIT PAI-RNAV RNP Instrument approach procedures 8. CFIT PAI-XLS (ILS, MLS, GLS) 53. RI Situational Awareness Technology for ATC - Enhanced airport surveillance equipment 60. RI Pilot Training - Situational awareness, SOPs, CRM 46. RI Air Traffic Control Training -Enhanced tower controller training 30. LOC Training - Human Factors and Automation 55. RI ATC Procedures SOPs for controller situational awareness 49. RI SOPs for ground operations 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  21. FAA Draft Plan Elements 59. RI ATC Procedures - Readback requirement 47. RI -Tower Controller CRM Training (ATTE) 6. CFIT PAI-RNAV 3-D instrument approach 4. CFIT PAI-VGSI at runway ends 21. ALAR Flight Deck Equipment Upgrades - New Type Designs 26. LOC Policies and Procedures -SOP 50. RI SOPs for ground operations for GA 32. LOC Autoflight Design - New designs 85. Vertical Situation Display 34. LOC Displays and Alerting Systems -New designs 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  22. FAA Draft Plan Elements 39. LOC Basic Airplane Design -Icing 40. LOC Envelope Protection - New Airplanes 51. RI SOPs for tow tug operators 52. RI SOPs for vehicle operators 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  23. FAA Using JIMDAT Process for New Initiative Evaluation • Issue presented • Suggestion from outside industry. • Regulatory initiatives. • Accident lessons learned. • Incident data. • Other. 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  24. ICAO GASP (Global Aviation Safety Plan) Europe JSSI: Joint Safety Strategy Initiative Central and south America PAAST: Pan American Aviation Safety Team East Africa African Airlines Safety Council, AFRASCO West Africa Flight Safety Foundation Asia/Pacific Association of Asia Pacific Airlines FAA International Activities 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  25. Challenges to Implementation • Communication (Internally & Externally). • Challenging economic times. • Limited resources.

  26. Strategies to overcome obstacles • Focused communication to share results. • Various worldwide forums • Provide business case models to accompany safety enhancement packages. • Combine synergistically with other safety initiatives • Explore other methods to reduce barriers to implementing safety enhancements

  27. FAA Our Challenge: Stay Focused • Work together internationally. • Coordinate strategy. • Target our resources. • Focus on prevention. • Communicate industry and government safety processes and initiatives. • Share results. 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

  28. FAA Next steps • Weather related studies to begin in 2002. • Continue refinement of JIMDAT Methodology. • Continue refinement of a strategic safety plan that: • maximizes safety considering available resources • recognizes other activities that draw upon our limited safety resources • is coordinated with operational efficiency improvement activities • Supporting Business models • Continue development of “risk based” proactive enhancement identification. • Continue to improve our collaboration with other international safety programs. 19th Annual FAA/JAA International Conference

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