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ENGLISH CIVIL WAR

ENGLISH CIVIL WAR. The Beginning of Trouble. Started when James I took the throne after Elizabeth died Believed he had “divine right” His greatest weakness: always asking Parliament for money to fund his extravagant lifestyle

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ENGLISH CIVIL WAR

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  1. ENGLISH CIVIL WAR

  2. The Beginning of Trouble • Started when James I took the throne after Elizabeth died • Believed he had “divine right” • His greatest weakness: always asking Parliament for money to fund his extravagant lifestyle • Parliament and the people were not always happy with his foreign policy too

  3. Religion vs. the Monarchy • James was head of church and state • The Puritans felt there was still too much Catholic influence in the Church of England and wanted change • James felt criticism of the church meant you were not a loyal subject and should leave • One important contribution: King James Bible

  4. Charles’ Abuse of Power • Son of James, he also believed in divine right, opposed Puritans and married a Catholic • When a request for money was denied he: • Put areas under martial law • Dissolved Parliament • Quartered troops in private homes

  5. Charles (cont’d) • He would persecute Puritans • Thousands of Puritans went on to seek religious freedom in the American colonies • James further angered Scotland when he tried to force Anglican prayer on them • They were prepared to defend their freedom

  6. Beginnings of War • The Scots invaded England and the Irish rebelled over the practice of land grants • Charles was in desperate need of money • He was forced to call Parliament back and they were determined to limit his power • Charles refused to agree to their demands and both sides prepared for war

  7. English Civil War • Cavaliers those who supported Charles; nobles and landowners from north • Roundheads  supporters of Parliament and Puritans; came from south • Roundheads were lead by Oliver Cromwell • 4 yrs of conflict • Parliament won and Charles was executed

  8. England’s New Government • The Rump Parliament set up a commonwealth or a republic • This parliament proved to be ineffective over time • Cromwell placed England under military rule • When he died, people wanted a change and restored the monarch under Charles II • Representative gov’t and individual rights would be a main focus and no more absolute monarchies would reign

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