COLD WAR DEFINED 1945-1990

1. COLD WAR DEFINED 1945-1990 * US-USSR *BIPOLAR *CONFLICT / COMPETITION IN ALL AREAS OF A NATION’S LIFE TIMELINE 1945-1953 ORIGINS 1953-1970 HEIGHT OF COLD WAR 1970-1980 DETENTE 1980’s RENEWED CHILL 1990’s GORBACHEV ERA

2. WEAPONS USED TO FIGHT A “COLD WAR” *ARMS RACE *CULTURAL -AID TO ALLIES -IDEOLOGY * “HOT” WARS *PROPAGANDA -LIMITED WAR *COVERT ACTIVITIES *DIPLOMACY *COLLECTIVE SECURITY -REGIONAL *TECHNOLOGY *ECONOMIC -TRADE AND AID

3. DESCRIBE THE CONDITIONS OF CONTAINMENT POST WWII CONDITIONS OF USSR SOVIET MILITARY IN E. EUROPE ECONOMIC DISTRESS IN W. EUROPE POLITICAL STRESS IN GREECE AND TURKEY MARSHALL PLAN AND TRUMAN DOCTRINE (U.S. POLICY) SUCCESS EXPANSION OF POLICY KOREA AND VIETNAM EISENHOWER DOCTRINE

4. ID EARLY COLD WAR EVENTS 1945-1953 *POTSDAM *CREATION OF SATELLITE GOV’TS -“IRON CURTAIN” *NATO *BERLIN AIRLIFT

5. I.D. GERMANY’S OCCUPATION ZONES *MAP *GERMANY / BERLIN -EAST AND WEST GERMANY -EAST AND WEST BERLIN

6. HOW DID THE CHINESE COMMUNIST REVOLUTION IMPACT THE U.S. (1949) *CONTAINMENT *TRUMAN *TAIWAN- 2 CHINAS **SUMMARIZE THE KOREAN WAR (1950-1953) **EXPLAIN THE CONFLICT BETWEEN TRUMAN AND MACARTHUR

7. DESCRIBE THE “RED SCARE” IN THE U.S. AFTER WWII *LOYALTY PROGRAMS businesses / organizations state and national laws supportive SC rulings *SPY CASES Hiss Rosenburgs * HUAC *McCarthyism

8. SUMMARIZE ADMINISTRATIONS OF HST AND IKE IKE HST *IMAGE *FDR/ “THE BOMB” *“MODERN REPUBLICANISM” *POST WAR RECESSION *JF DULLES/ ‘BRINKMANSHIP’ *LABOR *DIXIE CRATS *HUNGARY 1956 *CHINA / MacArthur *EISENHOWER DOCTRINE *ELECTION OF 1948 *CIVIL RIGHTS -MONTOGOMERY -LITTLE ROCK -EARL WARREN

9. DESCRIBE“BRINKMANSHIP” - H-BOMB - JF DULLES • CIA covert intervention • China How did IKE adjust “ Containment”? - Suez Canal ( Eisenhower Doctrine) - Hungary - use of Dulles

10. **DESCRIBE THE 1960 ELECTION AND JFK’S VICTORY • TV • CAMELOT / IMAGE • JFK = Obama • **WHAT WAS “FLEXIBLE RESPONSE”? • different from “massive retaliation” of IKE and Dulles **CRISIS MANAGEMENT: FOREIGN POLICY • Bay of Pigs (4/61) • Cuban Missle Crisis (10/61) • Berlin Wall (61)

11. * DESCRIBE THE “NEW FRONTIER” DOMESTIC PROGRAM -FIGHT RECESSION - spending - military, NASA, foreign aid - “new dealish” -CIVIL RIGHTS - reluctant - RFK -ANTI-POVERTY - rejected by a conservative congress

12. JOHN FITZGERALD KENNEDY I. BACKGROUND A.) Had a large, wealthy family B.) Well-educated, attended Harvard C.) Fought in WWII D.) Entered politics after death of brother Joe E.) Served in Congress F.) Good speaker, courageous, very determined

13. JOHN FITZGERALD KENNEDY II. 1960 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION A.) Ran against Republican, Richard Nixon B.) JFK had the disadvantage of being young and Catholic C.) Televised TV debates-made JFK look better D.) JFK is the 1st Catholic and youngest man elected to office

14. JOHN FITZGERALD KENNEDY III. FOREIGN EVENTS A.) Believed in a “flexible response” to Soviets ; built up conventional arms and fight limited wars B.) Bay of Pigs-April 17, 1961 ; CIA supported invasion of Cuba. Intended to start an uprising and overthrow Castro. C.) Berlin Wall built-August 1961 ; built to prevent East Germans from defecting

15. JOHN FITZGERALD KENNEDY III. FOREIGN EVENTS D.) Cuban missile Crisis-October 1962 ; U-2 plane discovered Soviet missiles in Cuba. U.S. ships blockaded Cuba. Soviet ships arrived and turned around. Soviets agreed to dismantle missiles and U.S. agreed to not invade the island. E.) Alliance For Progress ; 10 year, $20 million program of economic aid to Latin America F.) Very Anti-Communist ; emphasizes military build-up, by 5 times. Determined to make the U.S. word good. G.) Makes initial military commitment to Vietnam

16. JOHN FITZGERALD KENNEDY • DOMESTIC EVENTS- “New Frontier” A.) Many plans were blocked by Congress B.) 1st president to address Congress on Civil Rights C.) Established Peace Corps. -to help the poor in other countries D.) Put emphasis on the space program -May 1961- Alan Shepard Jr. becomes the 1st American to make a space flight. -1962- John Glenn was the 1st American to orbit the Earth. -Apollo Project- makes plans for landing on the moon.

17. **DESCRIBE LBJ’S “GREAT SOCIETY” and “WAR ON POVERTY.” -CIVIL RIGHTS -HEALTH CARE -URBAN RENEWAL -EDUCATION **ID REFORMS OF THE WARREN COURT. -DESEGREGATION -REAPPORTIONMENT -RIGHTS OF THE ACCUSED

18. JOHNSON AND THE GREAT SOCIETY • BACKGROUND A.) Came back from a poor background and a self made man B.) Experienced politician ; served in both houses of Congress C.) Very persuasive and convincing- “Johnson Treatment”- pressured colleagues to agree with him

19. JOHNSON AND THE GREAT SOCIETY I. PRESIDENCY 1963-1969 A. Committed himself to a “Great Society” B. Persuaded Congress to pass many of JFK’s bills 1) Civil Rights Act of 1964 2) Aid to Education 3) Aid to Wilderness Area

20. JOHNSON AND THE GREAT SOCIETY C.) Declared a “War on Poverty” 1) Economic Opportunity Act of 1964- job training and loans to the poor. 2) VISTA- Volunteers In Service to America D.) elected in 1964- won over Rep. Barry Goldwater E.) Passed extensive social legislation 1) Medicare Act- medical aid to people over 65 5) Dept. of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) 6) Social Security to higher education 7) Aid provided to higher education 8) National Foundation for the Arts and Humanities founded 2) Medicaid Program- medical aid to the poor 3) Voting Rights Act 1965 4) Housing Act 1965

21. JOHNSON AND THE GREAT SOCIETY 5) Dept. of Housing and Urban Development (HUD) 6) Social Security to higher education 7) Aid provided to higher education 8) National Foundation for the Arts and Humanities founded